29. In international human Rights law, obligations are placed on States, through all human rights treaties and customary international law; the State is solely responsible for any violation of human rights protected by international law. Article 2(2) of the international convention on civil and political rights (ICCPR) opened for signature on 16 December 1966 and entered into force on 23 March 1976 states: " where not already provided for by existing legislature or other measure, each state party to the present covenant undertakes to take the necessary steps, in accordance with its constitutional processes and with the provisions of the present covenant, to adopt such legislative or other measures as may be necessary to give effect to the rights recognized in the present covenant." 30. In the Book, Non- State Actor and International Human Rights Law page 101, it is stated: "Thus the legal obligations under the treaty are to ensure the rights are protected and obligations are placed on the state." It is important to note that the State itself remains the sole legal obligator to respect, protect and fulfill the human rights under the treaty. In further consideration on the matter is the provision of Article 6 of the report of the International Law Commission on the work of its 53rd session, UN Doc A/56/10/SUPP) of 21 August, 2001) and page 101 on non- state actors and international human rights laws where it is indicated in clear terms that the actions for which a state is responsible under international law are normally limited to actions by state officials. It states that: 12