59. The Commission notes that, as provided in Article 4A(1) of the Protection of Human
Rights Act, “a convicted person, or his representative, may apply to the Human Rights
Division for an enquiry to be conducted as to whether there exists sufficient fresh and
compelling evidence that may satisfy the Human Rights Division that a reference
should be made under section 1 9A(4) of the Criminal Appeal Act.”10 Further, Article
4A(4) provides that, “On completion of the enquiry, the Human Rights Division may
(a) grant the application and refer the conviction to the Court of Criminal Appeal in
accordance with section 1 9A(4) of the Criminal Appeal Act; or (b) reject the
application.”11
60. From the above provisions, the Commission notes that the type of remedy which the
NHRC is empowered to provide, is to conduct an enquiry into the case of a convicted
person, and may decide to refer the case to the Court of Criminal Appeal.
61. Accordingly, the Commission observes that recourse to the NHRC would not provide
a judicial remedy to the Victim. Rather, the National Human Rights Commission
would be an avenue to refer a case to the Court of Criminal Appeal. In this regard, the
Commission notes that the Victim had already appealed his case to a court of higher
jurisdiction; that is the Judicial Committee.
62. In light of the above, the Commission finds that, by seeking an appeal in the Judicial
Committee, which is referred to as the highest and final court in the Respondent State,
the Victim fulfilled the requirement of exhausting local remedies, and therefore the
criterion under Article 56(5) has been met.
63. Article 56(6) of the African Charter provides that the Commission shall consider
Communications which “are submitted within a reasonable period from the time
domestic remedies are exhausted or from the date the Commission is seized of the
matter.” The Commission has previously noted that the requirement of timeliness in
Article 56(6) of the Charter is dependent on the exhaustion of domestic remedies
envisaged in Article 56(5) of the African Charter.12
64. From the documents submitted by the Complainant, the Commission notes that the
Judicial Committee rendered its judgment on 19 November 2012, whereas the
Complainant transmitted the complaint to the Commission on 03 January 2016; that
is three years, one month and fifteen days later.
65. To determine whether the criterion under Article 56(6) has been met, the Commission
needs to determine whether the period of ‘three years, one month and fifteen days’
10
The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1998, Act 19/1998, Proclaimed by [Proclamation No. 2 of 1999] 23rd February
1999
11
Id
12
Communication 322/2006 - Tsikata v Ghana (2006) ACHPR, para 37
9