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3. SUBJECT MATTER OF THE PROCEEDINGS:3
8. ANALYSIS BY THE COURT :11

ECW/CCJ/JUD/27/16 - Nnenna Obi (Au nom des autres condamnés à mort au Nigeria) c. Nigeria

Cour de justice de la CEDEAO

Aperçu

ECCJ App no.: ECW/CCJ/APP/25/15

ECCJ Jud No.: ECW/CCJ/JUD/27/16

Type de document

Jugement

Mots clés

Administration de la justice
Allégations de vol à main armée
Centres de détention/Conditions
Dispositions juridiques insuffisantes/inappropriées
Droit à la dignité
Droit à la vie
Droit à un procès équitable
Droit d'être entendu par un tribunal compétent
Exécutions extrajudiciaires
Fonctionnement et indépendance du pouvoir judiciaire
Meurtre/assassinat
Peine de mort
Torture et mauvais traitement
Traitement cruel et dégradant
Vol

État

Nigeria

Conclusion: Rejeté

Année de la décision: 9 nov. 2016

Violations alléguées (Traité de la CEDEAO)

CEDEAO 4g : Respect, promotion et protection des droits de l'homme et des peuples
CEDEAO 5 : Engagement général

Violation des droits de la Charte africaine

CADHP 7.1 : Droit d'être entendu
CADHP 1: Obligations générales
CADHP 26 : Devoir de garantir l'indépendance des tribunaux
CADHP 4 : Droit à la vie et à l'intégrité
CADHP 5 : Traitements cruels, inhumains et dégradants

Durée de la procédure: ~ 9 nov. 2016

Géolocalisation du pays

Latitude: 9.081999

Longitude: 8.675277

Géolocalisation du pays (Lié Cour de justice de la CEDEAO): Nigeria

Documents principaux

ECW_CCJ_JUD_27_16.pdf
English
TOC ML
Télécharger Vue

Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)

Article 5Every individual shall have the right to the respect of the dignity inherent in a human being and to the recognition of his legal status. All forms of exploitation and degradation of man particularly slavery, slave trade, torture, cruel, inhuman or degrading punishment and treatment shall be prohibited.

Treaty

Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)

Article 4Human beings are inviolable. Every human being shall be entitled to respect for his life and the integrity of his person. No one may be arbitrarily deprived of this right.

Treaty

Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)

Article 71.Every individual shall have the right to have his cause heard. This comprises: (a) the right to an appeal to competent national organs against acts of violating his fundamental rights as recognized and guaranteed by conventions, laws, regulations and customs in force; (b) the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty by a competent court or tribunal; (c) the right to defense, including the right to be defended by counsel of his choice; (d) the right to be tried within a reasonable time by an impartial court or tribunal.

Treaty

Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)

Article 26States parties to the present Charter shall have the duty to guarantee the independence of the Courts and shall allow the establishment and improvement of appropriate national institutions entrusted with the promotion and protection of the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the present Charter.

Treaty

ECOWAS Revised treaty

ARTICLE5GENERALUNDERTAKINGS1.MemberStatesundertaketo createfavourableconditionsfor theattainmentoftheobjectivesoftheCommunity,andparticularlytotakeallnecessarymeasurestoharmonisetheirstrategiesandpolicies,andtorefrainfromanyactionthatmayhinder theattainmentof the said objectives.2.Each Member State shall, in accordance with its constitutional procedures, takeallnecessarymeasurestoensuretheenactmentanddisseminationofsuchlegislativeandstatutorytextsasmaybenecessaryfortheimplementationoftheprovisions of this Treaty.3.Each Member State undertakes to honour its obligations under this Treaty and toabide by thedecisionsandregulationsof theCommunity.

Treaty

ECOWAS Revised treaty

g)recognition,promotionandprotectionof humanand peoples' rights in accordancewith the provisions of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights;

Treaty

Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)

Article 1The Member States of the Organization of African Unity parties to the present Charter shall recognize the rights, duties and freedoms enshrined in this Chapter and shall undertake to adopt legislative or other measures to give effect to them.

Treaty

ECOWAS Revised treaty

Treaty

ECOWAS Revised treaty

g)recognition,promotionandprotectionof humanand peoples' rights in accordancewith the provisions of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights;

Treaty

Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)

Treaty

Revised Treaty of Economic Community of West African States (1993)

Treaty

Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)

Article 4Human beings are inviolable. Every human being shall be entitled to respect for his life and the integrity of his person. No one may be arbitrarily deprived of this right.

Treaty

Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)

Treaty

Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)

Article 4Human beings are inviolable. Every human being shall be entitled to respect for his life and the integrity of his person. No one may be arbitrarily deprived of this right.

Treaty

Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)

Treaty

Règlement Intérieur de la Cour de Justice de la CEDEAO

Article 871. A party applying to the Court for a decision on a preliminary objection or other preliminary plea not going to the substance of the case shall make the application by a separate document. 2. The application must state the pleas of fact and law relied on and the form of order sought by the applicant and any supporting documents must be annexed to it. 3. As soon as the application has been lodged, the President shall prescribe a period within which the opposite party may lodge a document containing a statement of the form of order sought by that party and its pleas in law. 4. Unless the Court decides otherwise, the remainder of the proceedings shall be oral. 5. The Court shall, after hearing the parties decide on the application or reserve its decision for the final judgment. If the Court refuses the application or reserves its decision, the President shall prescribe new time limits for the further steps in the proceedings.

Règlement intérieur

Règlement Intérieur de la Cour de Justice de la CEDEAO

Article 881. Where it is clear that the Court has no jurisdiction to take cognizance of an action or where the action is manifestly inadmissible, the Court may, by reasoned order, after hearing the parties and without taking further steps in the proceedings, give a decision 2. The Court may at any time of its own motion consider whether there exists any absolute bar to proceeding with a case or declare, after hearing the parties, that the action has become devoid of purpose and that there is no need to adjudicate on it; it shall give its decision in accordance with Article 87(4) and (5) of these Rules.

Règlement intérieur

PROTOCOLE ADDITIONNEL (A/SP.1/01/05) PORTANT AMENDEMENT DU PRÉAMBULE, DES ARTICLES 1ER, 2, 9, 22 ET 30 DU PROTOCOLE A/P1/7/91 RELATIF À LA COUR DE JUSTICE DE LA COMMUNAUTÉ, AINSI QUE DE L’ARTICLE 4 PARAGRAPHE 1 DE LA VERSION ANGLAISE DUDIT PROTOCOLE

Article 4:Insertion of a new Article 10 in the Protocol of the Community Court of Justice.The Protocol on the Community Court of Justice is amended the insertion of the following new Article as follows: “Article 10: Access to the Court. Access to the Court is open to the following: a) Member States, and unless otherwise provided in a Protocol, the Executive Secretary, where action is brought for failure by a Member state to fulfill an obligation; b) Member States, the Council of Ministers and the Executive Secretary in proceeding for the determination of the legality of an action in relation to any community text; c) Individuals and corporate bodies in proceedings from the determination of an act or inaction of a Community official which violates the rights of the individuals or corporate bodies; d) Individuals on application for relief for violation of their human rights; the submission of application for which shall: i. Not be anonymous; nor ii. Be made whilst the same matter has been instituted before another International Court for adjudication; e) Staff of any Community institution, after the Staff Member has exhausted all appeal processes available to the officer under the ECOWAS Staff Rules and Regulations; f) Where in any action before a court of a Member State, an issue arises as to the interpretation of a provision of the Treaty, or the other Protocols or Regulations, the national court may on its own or at the request of any of the parties to the action

Treaty

PROTOCOLE ADDITIONNEL (A/SP.1/01/05) PORTANT AMENDEMENT DU PRÉAMBULE, DES ARTICLES 1ER, 2, 9, 22 ET 30 DU PROTOCOLE A/P1/7/91 RELATIF À LA COUR DE JUSTICE DE LA COMMUNAUTÉ, AINSI QUE DE L’ARTICLE 4 PARAGRAPHE 1 DE LA VERSION ANGLAISE DUDIT PROTOCOLE

Article 3:Article 9 of the Protocol on Community Court of Justice substituted. Article 9 of the Protocol relating to the Community Court of Justice is hereby deleted and substituted by the following new provisions: “Article 9: Jurisdiction of the Court. 1.The Court has competence to adjudicate on any dispute relating to the following: a) The interpretation and application of the Treaty, Conventions and Protocols of the Community; b) The interpretation and application of the regulations, directives, decisions and other subsidiary legal instruments adopted by ECOWAS; c) The legality of regulations, directives, decisions and other legal instruments adopted by ECOWAS d) The failure by Member States to honor their obligations under the Treaty, Conventions and Protocols, regulations, directives, or decisions of ECOWAS; e) The provisions of the Treaty, Conventions and Protocols, regulations, directives or decisions of ECOWAS Member States; f) The Community and its officials; and g) The action for damages against a Community institution or an official of the Community for any action or omission in the exercise of official functions. 2. The Court shall have the power to determine any non-contractual liability of the Community and may order the Community to pay damages or make reparation for official acts or omissions of any Community institution or Community officials in the performance of official duties or functions. 3. Any action by or against a Community Institution or any Member of the Community shall be statute barred after three (3) years from the date when the right of action arose. 4. The Court has jurisdiction to determine case of violation of human rights that occur in any Member State. 5. Pending the establishment of the Arbitration Tribunal provided for under Article 16 of the Treaty, the Court shall have the power to act as arbitrator for the purpose of Article 16 of the Treaty. 6. The Court shall have jurisdiction over any matter provided for in an agreement where the parties provide that the Court shall settle disputes arising from the agreement. 7. The Court shall have the powers conferred upon it by the provisions of this Protocol as well as any other powers that may be conferred by subsequent Protocols and Decisions of the Community. 8. The Authority of Heads of State and Government shall have the power to grant the Court the power to adjudicate on any specific dispute that it may refer to the Court other than those specified in this Article.

Treaty

PROTOCOLE ADDITIONNEL (A/SP.1/01/05) PORTANT AMENDEMENT DU PRÉAMBULE, DES ARTICLES 1ER, 2, 9, 22 ET 30 DU PROTOCOLE A/P1/7/91 RELATIF À LA COUR DE JUSTICE DE LA COMMUNAUTÉ, AINSI QUE DE L’ARTICLE 4 PARAGRAPHE 1 DE LA VERSION ANGLAISE DUDIT PROTOCOLE

Treaty

PROTOCOLE ADDITIONNEL (A/SP.1/01/05) PORTANT AMENDEMENT DU PRÉAMBULE, DES ARTICLES 1ER, 2, 9, 22 ET 30 DU PROTOCOLE A/P1/7/91 RELATIF À LA COUR DE JUSTICE DE LA COMMUNAUTÉ, AINSI QUE DE L’ARTICLE 4 PARAGRAPHE 1 DE LA VERSION ANGLAISE DUDIT PROTOCOLE

Treaty

Statute of the International Court of Justice

Article 381. The Court, whose function is to decide in accordance with international law such disputes as are submitted to it, shall apply:a.international conventions, whether general or particular, establishing rules expressly recognized by the contesting states;b.international custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law;c.the general principles of law recognized by civilized nations; d.subject to the provisions of Article 59, judicial decisions and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law.2. This provision shall not prejudice the power of the Court to decide a caseex aequo et bono, if the parties agree thereto.

Document de l'ONU

ECW/CCJ/JUD/10/16 Bodjona Pascal Akoussoulèlou v Togo

Cour de justice de la CEDEAO

ECW/CCJ/JUD/03/11 Bakary Sarre & 28 Ors v Ministry of Justice of Mali & Republic of Mali

Cour de justice de la CEDEAO

Pacte International relatif aux Droits Civils et Politiques

Article 61. Every human being has the inherent right to life. This right shall be protected by law. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his life. 2. In countries which have not abolished the death penalty, sentence of death may be imposed only for the most serious crimes in accordance with the law in force at the time of the commission of the crime and not contrary to the provisions of the present Covenant and to the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. This penalty can only be carried out pursuant to a final judgement rendered by a competent court. 3. When deprivation of life constitutes the crime of genocide, it is understood that nothing in this article shall authorize any State Party to the present Covenant to derogate in any way from any obligation assumed under the provisions of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. 4. Anyone sentenced to death shall have the right to seek pardon or commutation of the sentence. Amnesty, pardon or commutation of the sentence of death may be granted in all cases. 5. Sentence of death shall not be imposed for crimes committed by persons below eighteen years of age and shall not be carried out on pregnant women. 6. Nothing in this article shall be invoked to delay or to prevent the abolition of capital punishment by any State

Document de l'ONU

Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)

Article 6Every individual shall have the right to liberty and to the security of his person. No one may be deprived of his freedom except for reasons and conditions previously laid down by law. In particular, no one may be arbitrarily arrested or detained

Treaty

Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)

Treaty

Pacte International relatif aux Droits Civils et Politiques

Document de l'ONU

Pacte International relatif aux Droits Civils et Politiques

Document de l'ONU

European Convention on Human Rights

ARTICLE 2Right to life1. Everyone’s right to life shall be protected by law. No one shall be deprived of his life intentionally save in the execution of a sentence of a court following his conviction of a crime for which this penalty is provided by law.2. Deprivation of life shall not be regarded as inflicted in contravention of this Article when it results from the use of force which is no more than absolutely necessary:(a) in defence of any person from unlawful violence;(b) in order to effect a lawful arrest or to prevent the escape of a person lawfully detained;(c) in action lawfully taken for the purpose of quelling a riot or insurrection.

Treaty

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