× 1. No one shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his privacy, family, home orcorrespondence, nor to unlawful attacks on his honour and reputation.2.Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR).- The right of not being deprived of personal liberty in an arbitrary manner is guaranteed by Articles 9× No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 6 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, and9(1)× 1. Everyone has the right to liberty and security of person. No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest ordetention. No one shall be deprived of his liberty except on such grounds and in accordance with suchprocedure as are established by law.of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR).- The right to fair hearing is guaranteed by Articles 10× Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, inthe determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 7 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, and14× 1. All persons shall be equal before the courts and tribunals. In the determination of any criminal chargeagainst him, or of his rights and obligations in a suit at law, everyone shall be entitled to a fair and publichearing by a competent, independent and impartial tribunal established by law. The press and the publicmay be excluded from all or part of a trial for reasons of morals, public order (ordre public) or nationalsecurity in a democratic society, or when the interest of the private lives of the parties so requires, or to theextent strictly necessary in the opinion of the court in special circumstances where publicity would prejudicethe interests of justice; but any judgement rendered in a criminal case or in a suit at law shall be madepublic except where the interest of juvenile persons otherwise requires or the proceedings concernmatrimonial disputes or the guardianship of children.2. Everyone charged with a criminal offence shall have the right to be presumed innocent until proved guiltyaccording to law.3. In the determination of any criminal charge against him, everyone shall be entitled to the followingminimum guarantees, in full equality: (a) To be informed promptly and in detail in a language which heunderstands of the nature and cause of the charge against him; (b) To have adequate time and facilities forthe preparation of his defence and to communicate with counsel of his own choosing; (c) To be triedwithout undue delay; (d) To be tried in his presence, and to defend himself in person or through legalassistance of his own choosing; to be informed, if he does not have legal assistance, of this right; and tohave legal assistance assigned to him, in any case where the interests of justice so require, and withoutpayment by him in any such case if he does not have sufficient means to pay for it; (e) To examine, or haveexamined, the witnesses against him and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on hisbehalf under the same conditions as witnesses against him; (f) To have the free assistance of an interpreterif he cannot understand or speak the language used in court; (g) Not to be compelled to testify againsthimself or to confess guilt.4. In the case of juvenile persons, the procedure shall be such as will take account of their age and thedesirability of promoting their rehabilitation.5. Everyone convicted of a crime shall have the right to his conviction and sentence being reviewed by ahigher tribunal according to law.6. When a person has by a final decision been convicted of a criminal offence and when subsequently hisconviction has been reversed or he has been pardoned on the ground that a new or newly discovered factshows conclusively that there has been a miscarriage of justice, the person who has suffered punishmentas a result of such conviction shall be compensated according to law, unless it is proved that the8 non-disclosure of the unknown fact in time is wholly or partly attributable to him.7. No one shall be liable to be tried or punished again for an offence for which he has already been finallyconvicted or acquitted in accordance with the law and penal procedure of each country.of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.58. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights areLegal Instruments that all ECOWAS Member States, including the State of Côte d'Ivoire are signatories. Atthe Community level, their eminent importance has been underlined, notably by the affirmation from allMember States which vowed to expressly respect them.59. The commitment to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights is derived from its ratification byeach of the ECOWAS Member States, of two fundamental Instruments, which are: the ECOWAS RevisedTreaty and the Protocol relating to Democracy and Good Governance (Art. 1 h).60. As to the commitment to the Universal Declaration of Human and Peoples' Rights its pre-eminent placein human rights law, as recognised by the ECOWAS Community is as shown by its mention in thepreamble of the aforementioned Protocol.61. The rights recognised and affirmed by these Instruments constitute international obligations, forMember States, within the scope of general international law and Community law By affirming theircommitment expressly to these International Instruments relating to Human Rights, the Community and itscomponent Units (State Parties) have surely in mind, the core element of the United Nations' System whichis enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil andPolitical Rights, as well as the core element of the African system as the expression values of authenticcivilisation, which they are ready to uphold.62. Consequently, while examining the extension of its jurisdiction over cases of human rights violationwithin the Community landscape, the Court takes into consideration, not only the African Charter on Humanand Peoples' Rights, but also, the United Nations' basic Instruments, namely the Universal Declaration ofHuman Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. These United NationsInstruments were, at least, accepted by Côte d'Ivoire, which ratified or signed them.