PULP MILLS (JUDGMENT) 48 and rational utilization of the [r]iver” (Article 1), just as are the provisions concerning use of water, the conservation, utilization and development of other natural resources, pollution and research. The aim is also said to be to prevent the Parties from acting unilaterally and without regard for earlier or current uses of the river. According to Argentina, any disregarding of this machinery would therefore undermine the object and purpose of the 1975 Statute ; indeed the “optimum and rational utilization of the [r]iver” would not be ensured, as this could only be achieved in accordance with the procedures laid down under the Statute. 72. It follows, according to Argentina, that a breach of the procedural obligations automatically entails a breach of the substantive obligations, since the two categories of obligations are indivisible. Such a position is said to be supported by the Order of the Court of 13 July 2006, according to which the 1975 Statute created “a comprehensive régime”. 73. Uruguay similarly takes the view that the procedural obligations are intended to facilitate the performance of the substantive obligations, the former being a means rather than an end. It too points out that Article 1 of the 1975 Statute defines its object and purpose. 74. However, Uruguay rejects Argentina’s argument as artificial, since it appears to mix procedural and substantive questions with the aim of creating the belief that the breach of procedural obligations necessarily entails the breach of substantive ones. According to Uruguay, it is for the Court to determine the breach, in itself, of each of these categories of obligations, and to draw the necessary conclusions in each case in terms of responsibility and reparation. 75. The Court notes that the object and purpose of the 1975 Statute, set forth in Article 1, is for the Parties to achieve “the optimum and rational utilization of the River Uruguay” by means of the “joint machinery” for co-operation, which consists of both CARU and the procedural provisions contained in Articles 7 to 12 of the Statute. The Court has observed in this respect, in its Order of 13 July 2006, that such use should allow for sustainable development which takes account of “the need to safeguard the continued conservation of the river environment and the rights of economic development of the riparian States” (Pulp Mills on the River Uruguay (Argentina v. Uruguay), Provisional Measures, Order of 13 July 2006, I.C.J. Reports 2006, p. 133, para. 80). 76. In the Gabčikovo-Nagymaros case, the Court, after recalling that “[t]his need to reconcile economic development with protection of the environment is aptly expressed in the concept of sustainable development”, added that “[i]t is for the Parties themselves to find an agreed solution that takes account of the objectives of the Treaty” (Gabčíkovo38

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