. :CHP: ' AC H P R African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights Human Rights our Collective Responsibility 1 10. Furthermore, the Complainant faced allegations of being a British or Israeli spy solely based on his part-Polish heritage, with no substantial evidence to substantiate these claims. The treatment of the Complainant, grounded in ethnic stereotypes rather than factual evidence, exemplifies a discriminatory practice that infringes upon the right to freedom from discrimination. In the case of Union Interafricaine des Droits de ['Homme et a l. v. Angola, the Commission emphasized the duty of State Parties to ensure that all individuals within their jurisdiction, whether citizens or non-citizens are entitled to the rights guaranteed in the Charter, regardless of their origin. 26 1 1 1. The Commission asserts that the utilization of derogatory language aimed at the Complainant's ethnic heritage not only heightened the discrimination but also played a role in the mistreatment he experienced. These baseless suspicions and actions, devoid of factual and legal support, resulted in unjust conduct infringing upon his entitlement to be treated without discrimination. 1 12. Therefore, considering the lack of submissions to the contrary by the Respondent State, it can be concluded that there is a violation of Article 2 of the African Charter, particularly as the outlined criteria for discrimination have been met without rebuttal. Alleged violation ofArticle 5 of the African Charter (Right to dignity and prohibition from Torture and ill-treatment 1 13. Article 5 of the African Charter stipulates that every person: 11 shall have the right to respect the dignihJ inherent in a human being and to recognize his legal status. All forms of exploitation and degradation . . . 26 Communication 1 59/96: Union lnterafricaine des Droits de l'Homme et al. v. Angola, para 18 25 AJ1 Organ of ltie r:J� AfriQan Union ,m':I. African Commissio 31 Bijilo Ann Email: au-banjul@afnca-union.org https:/achpr.au.int/0 0 a