APPROVED VERSION – COMMITTEE OF THE MINISTERS OF TRADE - 17 July 2014 - SADC/CMT/26/2014/8.2 c) for plant health, the international standards, guidelines and recommendations developed under the auspices of the Secretariat of the IPPC in cooperation with regional organizations operating within the framework of the IPPC; and d) for matters not covered by the above organizations, appropriate standards, guidelines and recommendations promulgated by other relevant international organizations open for membership to all Member States, as identified by the WTO SPS Committee. 9. “Pest” – Any species, strain or biotype of plant, animal or pathogenic agent injurious to plants or plant products. 10. “Disease” – means the clinical and/or pathological manifestation of infection, which means the entry and development or multiplication of an infectious agent in the body of humans or animals (based on the 2011 OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code, but entirely applicable to aquatic animal diseases). 11. “Pesticide” – Any substance, mixture of substances or any biological agent intended for preventing, destroying or controlling any pest; to act as growth regulator, defoliant, desiccant, thinning agent on crops; or to prevent the fall of buds, flowers and fruits from crops. 12. “Pest or disease-free area” – An area, whether all of a country, part of a country, or all or parts of several countries, as identified by the competent authorities, in which a specific pest or disease does not occur. Such an identified area may surround, be surrounded, or be adjacent to an area – whether within part of a country or in a geographic region which includes parts of or all of several countries -in which a specific pest or disease is known to occur but is subject to regional control measures such as the establishment of protection, surveillance and buffer zones which will confine or eradicate the pest or disease in question. 13. “Phytosanitary measure” – See “Sanitary or phytosanitary measure.”……in this list of definitions. 14. “Plant Genetic Resources” – Plants or collection of plants bearing certain desirable traits and used as starting material for breeding or seed multiplication programs. 15. “Regulated Article” – Any plant, plant product, storage place, packaging, conveyance, container, soil and any other organism, object or material capable of harbouring or spreading pests, deemed to require phytosanitary measures, particularly where international transportation is involved. 16. “Risk assessment” – The evaluation of the likelihood of entry, establishment or spread of a pest or disease within the territory of an importing Member State according Page 4 of 18