140
the accused person.
However, before answering the question posed, it is desirable to
examine the implications of disclosure.
2. The Power to Order the Disclosure of Prior Defence Witness Statements
318.
The Appeals Chamber is of the view that the Defence witness statement referred to
would be a recorded description of events touching upon the indictment, made
and, normally, signed by a person with a view to the preparation of the Defence case.
319.
There is no blanket right for the Prosecution to see the witness statement of a
Defence witness. The Prosecution has the power only to apply for disclosure of a statement
after the witness has testified, with the Chamber retaining the discretion to make a decision
based on the particular circumstances in the case at hand.
320.
The power of a Trial Chamber to order the disclosure of a prior Defence witness
statement relates to an evidentiary question. Strictly speaking, the principle of equality of
arms is not relevant to the problem. Also, since the Statute and the Rules do not expressly
cover the problem at hand, the broad powers conferred by Sub-rule 89(B) may come into
play. 388 The question to be addressed is whether those powers include the power of a Trial
Chamber to order the disclosure of a prior Defence witness statement.
321.
The mandate of the International Tribunal, as set out in Article 1 of the Statute, is to
prosecute persons responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian law
committed in the former Yugoslavia. To fulfil its mandate, a Trial Chamber has to ascertain
the credibility of all the evidence brought before it. A Trial Chamber must also take
account of the following provisions of the Statute: Article 20(1), concerning the need to
ensure a fair and expeditious trial, Article 21 dealing with the rights of the accused, and
Article 22, dealing with the protection of victims and witnesses. Further guidance may be
taken from Article 14 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights389 and
388
Sub-rule 89(B) provides:
“In cases not otherwise provided for in this Section, a Chamber shall apply Rules of evidence which will
best favour a fair determination of the matter before it and are consonant with the spirit of the Statute and
the general principles of law.”
389
Article 14 provides in part:
Case No.: -94-1-A
15 July 1999
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