Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 1The Member States of the Organization of African Unity parties to the present Charter shall recognize the rights, duties and freedoms enshrined in this Chapter and shall undertake to adopt legislative or other measures to give effect to them.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 14The right to property shall be guaranteed. It may only be encroached upon in the interest of public need or in the general interest of the community and in accordance with the provisions of appropriate laws. Article 15Every individual shall have the right to work under equitable and satisfactory conditions, and shall receive equal pay for equal work.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 71.Every individual shall have the right to have his cause heard. This comprises: (a) the right to an appeal to competent national organs against acts of violating his fundamental rights as recognized and guaranteed by conventions, laws, regulations and customs in force; (b) the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty by a competent court or tribunal; (c) the right to defense, including the right to be defended by counsel of his choice; (d) the right to be tried within a reasonable time by an impartial court or tribunal. 2.No one may be condemned for an act or omission which did not constitute a legally punishable offence at the time it was committed. No penalty may be inflicted for an offence for which no provision was made at the time it was committed. Punishment is personal and can be imposed only on the offender.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 14The right to property shall be guaranteed. It may only be encroached upon in the interest of public need or in the general interest of the community and in accordance with the provisions of appropriate laws. Article 15Every individual shall have the right to work under equitable and satisfactory conditions, and shall receive equal pay for equal work.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 91.Every individual shall have the right to receive information. 2.Every individual shall have the right to express and disseminate his opinions within the law. Article 101.Every individual shall have the right to free association provided that he abides by the law. 2.Subject to the obligation of solidarity provided for in 29 no one may be compelled to join an association.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 71.Every individual shall have the right to have his cause heard. This comprises: (a) the right to an appeal to competent national organs against acts of violating his fundamental rights as recognized and guaranteed by conventions, laws, regulations and customs in force; (b) the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty by a competent court or tribunal; (c) the right to defense, including the right to be defended by counsel of his choice; (d) the right to be tried within a reasonable time by an impartial court or tribunal. 2.No one may be condemned for an act or omission which did not constitute a legally punishable offence at the time it was committed. No penalty may be inflicted for an offence for which no provision was made at the time it was committed. Punishment is personal and can be imposed only on the offender.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 71.Every individual shall have the right to have his cause heard. This comprises: (a) the right to an appeal to competent national organs against acts of violating his fundamental rights as recognized and guaranteed by conventions, laws, regulations and customs in force; (b) the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty by a competent court or tribunal; (c) the right to defense, including the right to be defended by counsel of his choice; (d) the right to be tried within a reasonable time by an impartial court or tribunal. 2.No one may be condemned for an act or omission which did not constitute a legally punishable offence at the time it was committed. No penalty may be inflicted for an offence for which no provision was made at the time it was committed. Punishment is personal and can be imposed only on the offender.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 91.Every individual shall have the right to receive information.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 91.Every individual shall have the right to receive information. 2.Every individual shall have the right to express and disseminate his opinions within the law.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 101.Every individual shall have the right to free association provided that he abides by the law. 2.Subject to the obligation of solidarity provided for in 29 no one may be compelled to join an association.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 14The right to property shall be guaranteed. It may only be encroached upon in the interest of public need or in the general interest of the community and in accordance with the provisions of appropriate laws.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 15Every individual shall have the right to work under equitable and satisfactory conditions, and shall receive equal pay for equal work.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 1The Member States of the Organization of African Unity parties to the present Charter shall recognize the rights, duties and freedoms enshrined in this Chapter and shall undertake to adopt legislative or other measures to give effect to them.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 91.Every individual shall have the right to receive information. 2.Every individual shall have the right to express and disseminate his opinions within the law. Article 101.Every individual shall have the right to free association provided that he abides by the law. 2.Subject to the obligation of solidarity provided for in 29 no one may be compelled to join an association.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 71.Every individual shall have the right to have his cause heard. This comprises: (a) the right to an appeal to competent national organs against acts of violating his fundamental rights as recognized and guaranteed by conventions, laws, regulations and customs in force; (b) the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty by a competent court or tribunal; (c) the right to defense, including the right to be defended by counsel of his choice; (d) the right to be tried within a reasonable time by an impartial court or tribunal.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
4The right to property shall be guaranteed. It may only be encroached upon in the interest of public need or in the general interest of the community and in accordance with the provisions of appropriate laws. Article 15Every individual shall have the right to work under equitable and satisfactory conditions, and shall receive equal pay for equal work
Rules of Procedure of the African Commission on Human and People's Rights
When the Commission has decided 1. to be seized of a Communication pursuant to the present Rules, it shall promptly transmit a copy of the complaint to the Respondent State. It shall simultaneously inform the Complainant of the decision on seizure, and request the Complainant to present evidence and arguments on admissibility within two months.
Rules of Procedure of the African Commission on Human and People's Rights
Upon receipt of the Complainant’s 2. observations on admissibility, the Secretary shall transmit a copy to the respondent state and request the latter to make a written submission, containing its arguments and evidence on admissibility, within two months of its receipt of the Commission’s request. The Secretariat shall, within a week of receipt of the state’s submission, provide the Complainant with a copy.
Rules of Procedure of the African Commission on Human and People's Rights
Upon receiving the observations 3. of the Respondent State on Admissibility, the Complainant may comment on the observations within one month of receipt.
Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged, 6.Are submitted within a reasonable period from the time local remedies are exhausted or from the date the Commission is seized of the matter, and 7.Do not deal with cases which have been settled by these States involved in accordance with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations, or the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or the provisions of the present Charter.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
15Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity,
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter,
Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
15Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity,
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged, 6.Are submitted within a reasonable period from the time local remedies are exhausted or from the date the Commission is seized of the matter, and
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass medi
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged, 6.Are submitted within a reasonable period from the time local remedies are exhausted or from the date the Commission is seized of the matter, and 7.Do not deal with cases which have been settled by these States involved in accordance with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations, or the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or the provisions of the present Charter.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
15Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
299/05 Anuak Justice Council v Ethiopia
299/05 Anuak Justice Council v Ethiopia
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
221/98 Alfred B. Cudjoe v Ghana
221/98 Alfred B. Cudjoe v Ghana
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 551.Before each Session, the Secretary of the Commission shall make a list of the communications other than those of States parties to the present Charter and transmit them to the members of the Commission, who shall indicate which communications should be considered by the Commission. 2.A communication shall be considered by the Commission if a simple majority of its members so decide
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged, 6.Are submitted within a reasonable period from the time local remedies are exhausted or from the date the Commission is seized of the matter, and 7.Do not deal with cases which have been settled by these States involved in accordance with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations, or the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or the provisions of the present Charter.
221/98 Alfred B. Cudjoe v Ghana
147/95_149/96 Sir Dawda K. Jawara v Gambia (The)
48/90-50/91-52/91-89/93 - Amnesty International, Comité Loosli Bachelard, Lawyers' Committee for Human Rights, Association of Members of the Episcopal Conference of East Africa v Sudan
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged, 6.Are submitted within a reasonable period from the time local remedies are exhausted or from the date the Commission is seized of the matter, and 7.Do not deal with cases which have been settled by these States involved in accordance with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations, or the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or the provisions of the present Charter.
Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity,
Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
6.Are submitted within a reasonable period from the time local remedies are exhausted or from the date the Commission is seized of the matter, and
Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media,
Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
Article 71.Every individual shall have the right to have his cause heard. This comprises: (a) the right to an appeal to competent national organs against acts of violating his fundamental rights as recognized and guaranteed by conventions, laws, regulations and customs in force; (b) the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty by a competent court or tribunal; (c) the right to defense, including the right to be defended by counsel of his choice; (d) the right to be tried within a reasonable time by an impartial court or tribunal. 2.No one may be condemned for an act or omission which did not constitute a legally punishable offence at the time it was committed. No penalty may be inflicted for an offence for which no provision was made at the time it was committed. Punishment is personal and can be imposed only on the offender.
Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity,
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 71.Every individual shall have the right to have his cause heard. This comprises: (a) the right to an appeal to competent national organs against acts of violating his fundamental rights as recognized and guaranteed by conventions, laws, regulations and customs in force; (b) the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty by a competent court or tribunal; (c) the right to defense, including the right to be defended by counsel of his choice; (d) the right to be tried within a reasonable time by an impartial court or tribunal.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 71.Every individual shall have the right to have his cause heard. This comprises: (a) the right to an appeal to competent national organs against acts of violating his fundamental rights as recognized and guaranteed by conventions, laws, regulations and customs in force; (b) the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty by a competent court or tribunal; (c) the right to defense, including the right to be defended by counsel of his choice; (d) the right to be tried within a reasonable time by an impartial court or tribunal.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
147/95_149/96 Sir Dawda K. Jawara v Gambia (The)
Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 71.Every individual shall have the right to have his cause heard. This comprises: (a) the right to an appeal to competent national organs against acts of violating his fundamental rights as recognized and guaranteed by conventions, laws, regulations and customs in force; (b) the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty by a competent court or tribunal; (c) the right to defense, including the right to be defended by counsel of his choice; (d) the right to be tried within a reasonable time by an impartial court or tribunal. 2.No one may be condemned for an act or omission which did not constitute a legally punishable offence at the time it was committed. No penalty may be inflicted for an offence for which no provision was made at the time it was committed. Punishment is personal and can be imposed only on the offender.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 91.Every individual shall have the right to receive information. 2.Every individual shall have the right to express and disseminate his opinions within the law.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 101.Every individual shall have the right to free association provided that he abides by the law. 2.Subject to the obligation of solidarity provided for in 29 no one may be compelled to join an association.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 15Every individual shall have the right to work under equitable and satisfactory conditions, and shall receive equal pay for equal work.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 1The Member States of the Organization of African Unity parties to the present Charter shall recognize the rights, duties and freedoms enshrined in this Chapter and shall undertake to adopt legislative or other measures to give effect to them.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 14The right to property shall be guaranteed. It may only be encroached upon in the interest of public need or in the general interest of the community and in accordance with the provisions of appropriate laws.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
221/98 Alfred B. Cudjoe v Ghana
Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
245/02 Zimbabwe Human Rights NGO Forum v Zimbabwe
260/02 Bakweri Land Claims Committee v Cameroon
386/10 Dr. Farouk Mohamed Ibrahim (represented by REDRESS) v Sudan
275/03 Article 19 v Eritrea
221/98 Alfred B. Cudjoe v Ghana
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
15Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
221/98 Alfred B. Cudjoe v Ghana
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
221/98 Alfred B. Cudjoe v Ghana
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
15Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
299/05 Anuak Justice Council v Ethiopia
299/05 Anuak Justice Council v Ethiopia
50. A local remedy has been defined as "any domestic legal action that may lead to the resolution of thecomplaint at the local or national level." 3 The Rules of Procedure of the African Commission provide that"[t]he Commission shall determine questions of admissibility pursuant to Article 56 of the Charter" 4Generally, the rules require applicants to set out in their applications the steps taken to exhaust domesticremedies. They must provide some prima facie evidence of an attempt to exhaust local remedies.5According to the African Commission's guidelines on the submission of communications, applicants areexpected to indicate, for instance, the courts where they sought domestic remedies. Applicants mustindicate that they have had recourse to all domestic remedies to no avail and must supply evidence to thateffect. If they were unable to use such remedies, they must explain why. They could do so by submittingevidence derived from analogous situations or testifying to a state policy of denying such recourse.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
Charte Africaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples (Charte de Banjul)
5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged,
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
15Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
15Article 56Communications relating to human and peoples' rights referred to in 55 received by the Commission, shall be considered if they: 1.Indicate their authors even if the latter request anonymity, 2.Are compatible with the Charter of the Organization of African Unity or with the present Charter, 3.Are not written in disparaging or insulting language directed against the State concerned and its institutions or to the Organization of African Unity, 4.Are not based exclusively on news discriminated through the mass media, 5.Are sent after exhausting local remedies, if any, unless it is obvious that this procedure is unduly prolonged