119. In Benham v The United Kingdom21 , the applicant had been
charged with non-payment of a debt and faced a maximum penalty
of three (3) months in prison. The European Court held that this
potential sentence was severe enough that the interests of justice
demanded that the applicant ought to have benefited from legal aid.
In Salduz v Turkey, the Court held that legal aid should be available
for people accused or suspected of a crime, irrespective of the nature
of the particular crime and that legal assistance is particularly crucial
for people suspected of serious crimes.22
120.
The Court draws inspiration from the jurisprudence of the
Human Rights Committee on the interpretation and application of
Article 14(3)(d) of the ICCPR. This is with respect to Anthony Currie
v Jamaica, whose circumstances are similar to those of the Applicant
in the case before this Court, as they both raised issues of
compliance with constitutional guarantees of their rights to fair trial in
their criminal trials and appeals. In this communication, the Human
Rights Committee held that Article 14(3)(d) of the ICCPR required
the provision of legal aid in the course of criminal proceedings, where
the interests of justice so require."23
21
Application No 19380/92, Judgment of 10 June 1996 (Grand Chamber).
22
Application No. 36391/02, Sa/duz v Turkey, Judgment of 27 November 2008 (Grand
Chamber) paragraph 54.
23
Communication Number 377/89 paragraph 13.2.
"The author has claimed that the absence of legal aid for the purpose of filing a constitutional
motion itself constitutes a violation of the Covenant. The Committee notes that the Covenant
does not contain an express obligation as such for a State to provide legal aid for individuals in
all cases but only, in accordance with article 14 (3) (d), in the determination of a criminal charge
where the interests of justice so require".
46
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