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(a) that each ship, before registration and thereafter at appropriate
intervals, is surveyed by a qualified surveyor of ships, and has
on board such charts, nautical publications and navigational
equipment and instruments as are appropriate for the safe
navigation of the ship;
(b) that each ship is in the charge of a master and officers who
possess appropriate qualifications, in particular in seamanship,
navigation, communications and marine engineering, and that
the crew is appropriate in qualification and numbers for the
type, size, machinery and equipment of the ship;
(c) that the master, officers and, to the extent appropriate, the crew
are fully conversant with and required to observe the applicable
international regulations concerning the safety of life at sea, the
prevention of collisions, the prevention, reduction and control
of marine pollution, and the maintenance of communications by
radio.
5. In taking the measures called for in paragraphs 3 and 4 each State is
required to conform to generally accepted international regulations,
procedures and practices and to take any steps which may be necessary to
secure their observance.
6. A State which has clear grounds to believe that proper jurisdiction
and control with respect to a ship have not been exercised may report the facts
to the flag State. Upon receiving such a report, the flag State shall investigate
the matter and, if appropriate, take any action necessary to remedy the
situation.
7. Each State shall cause an inquiry to be held by or before a suitably
qualified person or persons into every marine casualty or incident of
navigation on the high seas involving a ship flying its flag and causing loss
of life or serious injury to nationals of another State or serious damage to
ships or installations of another State or to the marine environment. The flag
State and the other State shall cooperate in the conduct of any inquiry held by
that other State into any such marine casualty or incident of navigation.
Article 95
Immunity of warships on the high seas
Warships on the high seas have complete immunity from the jurisdiction
of any State other than the flag State.
Article 96
Immunity of ships used only on government non-commercial service
Ships owned or operated by a State and used only on government
non-commercial service shall, on the high seas, have complete immunity from
the jurisdiction of any State other than the flag State.
Article 97
Penal jurisdiction in matters of collision or any other incident of
navigation
1. In the event of a collision or any other incident of navigation
concerning a ship on the high seas, involving the penal or disciplinary
responsibility of the master or of any other person in the service of the ship,
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