ECOWAS REVISED TREATY CHAPTER XI CO-OPERATION IN HUMAN RESOURCES, INFORMATION, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL AFFAIRS ARTICLE 60 HUMAN RESOURCES 1. Member States undertake to co-operate in the full development and utilisation of their human resources. 2. To this end, they shall take measures to: a) strengthen co-operation among themselves in the fields of education, training and employment; and to harmonise and co-ordinate their policies and programmes in these areas; b) consolidate their existing training institutions, improve the efficacy of their educational systems, encourage exchanges between schools and universities, establish equivalences of academic, professional and technical qualifications, encourage literacy, promote the teaching and practice of the official languages of the Community, and establish regional centres of excellence in various disciplines; c) encourage the exchange of skilled manpower between Member States. ARTICLE 61 SOCIAL AFFAIRS 1. Member States undertake to co-operate with a view to mobilising the various sections of the population and ensuring their effective integration and involvement in the social development of the region. 2. For the purposes of paragraph 1 of this Article, Member States undertake to: a) encourage the exchange of experiences and information on literacy, professional training and employment; b) harmonise their labour laws and social security legislations; c) promote women's and youth organisations and professional associations as a means ofensuring mass involvement in the activities of the Community; 37