344 United Nations — Treaty Series • Nations Unies — Recueil des Traités_____1980 observe that restriction may not be invoked as invalidating the consent expressed by him unless the restriction was notified to the other negotiating States prior to his ex pressing such consent. Article 48. ERROR 1. A State may invoke an error in a treaty as invalidating its consent to be bound by the treaty if the error relates to a fact or situation which was assumed by that State to exist at the time when the treaty was concluded and formed an essential basis of its consent to be bound by the treaty. 2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply if the State in question contributed by its own conduct to the error or if the circumstances were such as to put that State on notice of a possible error. 3. An error relating only to the wording of the text of a treaty does not affect its validity; article 79 then applies. Article 49. FRAUD If a State has been induced to conclude a treaty by the fraudulent conduct of another negotiating State, the State may invoke the fraud as invalidating its consent to be bound by the treaty. Article 50. CORRUPTION OF A REPRESENTATIVE OF A STATE If the expression of a State's consent to be bound by a treaty has been procured through the corruption of its representative directly or indirectly by another negotiating State, the State may invoke such corruption as invalidating its consent to be bound by the treaty. Article 51. COERCION OF A REPRESENTATIVE OF A STATE The expression of a State's consent to be bound by a treaty which has been pro cured by the coercion of its representative through acts or threats directed against him shall be without any legal effect. Article 52. COERCION OF A STATE BY THE THREAT OR USE OF FORCE A treaty is void if its conclusion has been procured by the threat or use of force in violation of the principles of international law embodied in the Charter of the United Nations. Article 53. TREATIES CONFLICTING WITH A PEREMPTORY NORM OF GENERAL INTERNATIONAL LAW ("JUS COGENS") A treaty is void if, at the time of its conclusion, it conflicts with a peremptory norm of general international law. For the purposes of the present Convention, a peremptory norm of general international law is a norm accepted and recognized by the international community of States as a whole as a norm from which no deroga tion is permitted and which can be modified only by a subsequent norm of general in ternational law having the same character. SECTION 3. TERMINATION AND SUSPENSION OF THE OPERATION OF TREATIES Article 54. TERMINATION OF OR WITHDRAWAL FROM A TREATY UNDER ITS PROVISIONS OR BY CONSENT OF THE PARTIES The termination of a treaty or the withdrawal of a party may take place: (a) In conformity with the provisions of the treaty; or Vol. 1155,1-18232