101.
The Complainant submits that the Respondent State has violated Article 1
in that it has failed to “adopt legislative or other measures” to ensure that
there is compensatory damages in Zimbabwean Law to give just satisfaction
to victims of wrongful death particularly close family and relatives who are
bereaved because of such deaths. The Complainant further argues that the
Respondent State has failed to fulfill the obligation to “promote and respect”
human rights in that families that are robbed of a close relative through
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killings that amount to extra-judicial killings have no recourse to the national
law. This is as a result of the absence of a law providing for such a remedy at
the national level.
102.
To rebut the allegation of a violation of Article 1 of the African Charter,
the Respondent State argues that the Common Law position on entitlement to
compensation is that dependents of a deceased can claim such compensation
for the pecuniary loss they have suffered in consequence of the death of a
person who maintained or had an obligation to maintain them. Therefore
Zimbabwean Common Law provides for compensation for damages for
acquillian action or actio injuriarum. It does not provide damages for solatium.
This means generally in Zimbabwe, no compensation is payable for the
wrongful death of a person, as it is not an injury to the surviving person. The
only damages that are available are loss of support to dependents of the
deceased and funeral expenses.
103.
The Respondent State further argues that it would be outside the mandate
of the African Commission to make a recommendation as requested by the
Complainant that the Respondent State complies with its obligations under
the Charter by passing legislation in order to create an action for bereavement
damages. The Respondent State in addition argues that the Complainant has
not shown what provisions of the Charter provide for such compensation,
except the national legislation of the United Kingdom. This, the Respondent
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