148. The Part II of the Declaration, devoted to the Right to Freedom of Expression, establishes in the Principles 10 to 25 the guarantees and conditions for exercising that right, which it considers as “a fundamental and inalienable human right and an indispensable component of democracy.” 149. Thus, the Principle 21, with the title “Protecting reputations”, provides the following: “1.States shall ensure that laws relating to defamation in accordance with the following standards: a. No one shall be found liable for true statements, expressions of opinions or statements which are reasonable to make in the circumstances. b. Public figures shall be required to tolerate a greater degree of criticism. c. Sanctions shall never be so severe as to inhibit the right to freedom of expression. 2. Privacy and secrecy laws shall not inhibit the dissemination of information of public interest.” 150. And Principle 22, with the title “Criminal measures”, provides that: “1. States shall review all criminal restrictions of content to ensure that they are justifiable and compatible with international human rights law and standards. 2. States shall repeal laws that criminalize sedition, insult and publication of false news. 3. States shall amend criminal laws on defamation and libel in favor of civil sanctions which must themselves be necessary and proportionate. 4. The imposition of custodial sentences for the offenses of defamation and libel are a violation of the right to freedom of expression. 5. Freedom of expression shall not be restricted on public order or national security grounds unless there is a real risk of harm to a legitimate interest and there is a close causal link between the risk of harm and the expression.” 35

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