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34. At its 43 Ordinary Session, the Commission considered the communication and decided to defer
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its decision on the merits to its 44 Ordinary Session.
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35. At its 44 Ordinary Session held from 10-24 November 2008, in Abuja, Nigeria, the African
Commission deferred consideration of the communication due to lack of time.
Decision on admissibility
The Complainant’s arguments
36. The Complainant had argued the complaint had complied with Article 56.3, because the
information was based on court records and affidavits.
37. Regarding Article 56.5, the Complainants submit that the victim was not given the opportunity to
exhaust the local remedies that were available to him, and that the High Court had ordered on many
instances that he be allowed to stay in the country until a decision was made on the constitutional
issues, which he had raised in an application pending before the Supreme Court. Complainants submit
that in terms of Section 24 of the Zimbabwe Constitution, any issues that pertain to the Zimbabwean
Bill of Rights are referred to the Supreme Court, as the court of first instance on alleged case of
human rights infringements. They argue that the deportation of the victim by the Immigration
Department was in contempt of court orders, which had stayed his deportation.
38. That the victim could not have pursued any other remedies other than approach the courts for a
vindication of his rights. They argue that the fact that he was given an opportunity on one occasion to
appeal to the Minister of Home Affairs, who is responsible for immigration, does not at all prove the
availability and effectiveness of local remedies, since the decision of the Minister ‘is and was more of a
review by a quasi judicial individual government official or functionary, who is not obliged to make
considerations in accordance with legal rules which in all fairness takes away the very principles of
natural justice and due process of the law (sic) which are covered under Article 7 of the Charter’.
39. The Complainants further argue that the Commission has ruled that only remedies of a judicial
nature are considered to be effective remedies for acts of human rights violations. This, they rely on
the Commission’s decision in the Constitutional Rights Project vs. Nigeria where the commission ruled
that:
“the Civil Disturbances Act empowers the Armed Forces Ruling Council to confirm the penalties of the
Tribunal. This power is a discretionary, extraordinary remedy of a non-judicial nature. The object of the
remedy is to obtain a favour and not to vindicate a right. It would be improper to insist on the complaint
seeking remedies from a source, which does not operate impartially and have no obligation to decide
according to legal principles. The remedy is neither adequate nor effective”
40. The Complainants added that in the Constitutional Rights Projects case (supra) the Commission
stated further that the types of remedies that existed were of a nature that did not require exhaustion
according to Article 56.5.
41. It is also alleged that the victim was ordered to make representations to the Minister of Home
Affairs on why he should not be deported after being served with his deportation order. The
exhaustion of local remedies in this case would fall away as the Minister of Home Affairs being the
person responsible for the Immigration Department, the state arm which was responsible for infringing
on his rights, could not in any way proffer an effective remedy, the Complainants assert.
42. The Complainants submit that when the victim sought judicial protection of his rights, the
Immigration Department deported him regardless of the court orders, which stayed his deportation,
adding that the practice by the Respondent State to disobey courts orders has made it a
senseless [sic] for an aggrieved party to seek or obtain any form of remedy.