338 United Nations — Treaty Series • Nations Unies — Recueil des Traités Article 22. 1980 WITHDRAWAL OF RESERVATIONS AND OF OBJECTIONS TO RESERVATIONS 1. Unless the treaty otherwise provides, a reservation may be withdrawn at any time and the consent of a State which has accepted the reservation is not required for its withdrawal. 2. Unless the treaty otherwise provides, an objection to a reservation may be withdrawn at any time. 3. Unless the treaty otherwise provides, or it is otherwise agreed: (a) The withdrawal of a reservation becomes operative in relation to another con tracting State only when notice of it has been received by that State; (b) The withdrawal of an objection to a reservation becomes operative only when notice of it has been received by the State which formulated the reservation. Article 23. PROCEDURE REGARDING RESERVATIONS 1. A reservation, an express acceptance of a reservation and an objection to a reservation must be formulated in writing and communicated to the contracting States and other States entitled to become parties to the treaty. 2. If formulated when signing the treaty subject to ratification, acceptance or approval, a reservation must be formally confirmed by the reserving State when ex pressing its consent to be bound by the treaty. In such a case the reservation shall be considered as having been made on the date of its confirmation. 3. An express acceptance of, or an objection to, a reservation made previously to confirmation of the reservation does not itself require confirmation. 4. The withdrawal of a reservation or of an objection to a reservation must be formulated in writing. SECTION 3. ENTRY INTO FORCE AND PROVISIONAL APPLICATION OF TREATIES Article 24. ENTRY INTO FORCE 1. A treaty enters into force in such manner and upon such date as it may pro vide or as the negotiating States may agree. 2. Failing any such provision or agreement, a treaty enters into force as soon as consent to be bound by the treaty has been established for all the negotiating States. 3. When the consent of a State to be bound by a treaty is established on a date after the treaty has come into force, the treaty enters into force for that State on that date, unless the treaty otherwise provides. 4. The provisions of a treaty regulating the authentication of its text, the establishment of the consent of States to be bound by the treaty, the manner or date of its entry into force, reservations, the functions of the depositary and other matters arising necessarily before the entry into force of the treaty apply from the time of the adoption of its text. Article 25. PROVISIONAL APPLICATION 1. A treaty or a part of a treaty is applied provisionally pending its entry into force if: (a) The treaty itself so provides; or (b) The negotiating States have in some other manner so agreed. Vol. 1155,1-18232