CEDAW/C/GC/35 defenders, from their activities, practices and output, including in advertising, online and in other digital environments. Measures should include the following: (i) Encouraging the creation or strengthening of self-regulatory mechanisms by media organizations, including online or social media organizations, aimed at the elimination of gender stereotypes relating to women and men, or to specific groups of women, and addressing gender-based violence against women that takes place through their services and platforms; (ii) Guidelines for the appropriate coverage by the media of cases of gender based violence against women; (iii) Establishing or strengthening the capacity of national human rights institutions to monitor or consider complaints regarding any media that portray gender-discriminatory images or content that objectify or demean women or promote violent masculinities; 56 (e) Provide mandatory, recurrent and effective capacity-building, education and training for members of the judiciary, lawyers and law enforcement officers, including forensic medical personnel, legislators and health -care professionals, 57 including in the area of sexual and reproductive health, in particular sexually transmitted infections and HIV prevention and treatment services, and all education, social and welfare personnel, including those working with women in institutions, such as residential care homes, asylum centres and prisons, 58 to equip them to adequately prevent and address gender-based violence against women. Such education and training should promote understanding of the following: (i) How gender stereotypes and bias lead to gender-based violence against women and inadequate responses to it; 59 (ii) Trauma and its effects, the power dynamics that characterize intimate partner violence and the varying situations of women experiencing diverse forms of gender-based violence, which should include the intersecting forms of discrimination affecting specific groups of women and adequat e ways of interacting with women in the context of their work and eliminating factors that lead to their revictimization and weaken their confidence in State institutions and agents; 60 (iii) National legal provisions and national institutions on gender -based violence against women, the legal rights of victims/survivors, international standards and associated mechanisms and their responsibilities in that context, which should include due coordination and referrals among diverse bodies and the adequate documentation of such violence, giving due respect for women’s privacy and right to confidentiality and with the free and informed consent of the victims/survivors; (f) Encourage, through the use of incentives and corporate responsibility models and other mechanisms, the engagement of the private sector, including __________________ 56 57 58 59 60 14/19 Concluding observations of the Committee on the combined periodic reports of Croatia (CEDAW/C/HRV/CO/4-5). See footnote 5 above and the World Health Organization clinical and policy guidelines on responding to intimate partner violence and sexual violence against women (2013). See Abramova v. Belarus; communication No. 53/2013, A. v. Denmark, views adopted on 19 November 2015; and General Assembly resolution 65/229 on the United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders (the Bangkok Rules). See, among others, Belousova v. Kazakhstan, R.P.B. v. Philippines, Jallow v. Bulgaria and L.R. v. Republic of Moldova. See M.W. v. Denmark, R.P.B. v. Philippines, Jallow v. Bulgaria and Kell v. Canada. 17-12719