that prohibit or restrict the disclosure of information. Principle 28. Maximum disclosure The right of access to information shall be guided by the principle of maximum disclosure. Access to information may only be limited by narrowly defined exemptions, which shall be provided by law and shall comply strictly with international human rights law and standards. Principle 29. Proactive disclosure 1. Public bodies and relevant private bodies shall be required, even in the absence of a specific request, to proactively publish information of public interest, including information about their functions, powers, structure, officials, decisions, budgets, expenditure and other information relating to their activities. 2. Proactive disclosure by relevant private bodies shall apply to activities for which public funds are utilised or public functions or services are performed. 3. Information required to be proactively disclosed shall be disseminated through all available mediums, including digital technologies. In particular, States shall proactively publish information in accordance with internationally accepted open data principles. Principle 30. Duty to create, keep, organise and maintain information Public bodies, relevant private bodies and private bodies shall create, keep, organise and maintain information in a manner that facilitates the exercise of the right of access to information. Principle 31. Procedure for accessing information 1. Access to information shall be granted as expeditiously and inexpensively as possible, and in accessible formats and technologies. 2. No one shall be required to demonstrate a specific legal or personal interest in the information requested or to provide justification for a request. 3. Every person shall be assisted in making requests for 20

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