63. The Respondent State asserts that in this respect, it is clear that there is no dispute in the present case. It contends that the Applicant State does not invoke the existence of negotiations between the Parties but rather bases its argument on statements made at multilateral fora, the conduct of the Parties after the emergence of the dispute and the fact that it was allegedly condemned by other States and organizations. 64. Regarding exchanges at multilateral fora, the Respondent State underscores that those that took place in the context of the United Nations General Assembly do not define, with sufficient clarity, the alleged subject matter of the dispute, nor do they relate to the alleged violation of a specific right or obligation. The same goes for the statements made at the 52 nd Session of the Human Rights Council. It argues that in accordance with the ICJ judgment on preliminary objections in the matter of Application of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Georgia v. Russian Federation), its silence can only constitute proof if a request has been clearly made. It submits that the [prevailing] circumstances require a response. 65. The Respondent State adds that the Applicant misrepresents the content of the letter dated 10 June 2022 from the Permanent Representative of Rwanda to the United Nations which merely expressed the latter’s concerns about the situation. It makes the same analysis of the letter dated 14 June 2022 from the Applicant State’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations which makes no reference to any violation of a specific right or obligation. 66. Furthermore, as regards exchanges at multilateral fora, other than those of the United Nations, the Respondent State underscores that the list of communiqués and the references to consultations and meetings do not in any way prove the existence of a dispute. It argues that the Applicant State has not established that, during the said meetings or consultations, it expressly opposed its allegations of violations of obligations or rights, necessary to prove the existence of a dispute under international law. It cites 17

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