lila Republique du Cameroun on 1January 1960; then transmuted into la Republique Federale du Cameroun on 1 September 1961; then metamorphosed to la Republique Unie du Cameroun on 2 June 1972; and then summersaulted back to la Republique du Cameroun in January/February 1984." 17. The Complainants state that going forward, representatives of the Southern Cameroons activists' groups convened two "All Anglophone Conferences" (AACl and AAC2) in Buea in April 1993, and Bamenda in 1994 respectively. These Conferences issued the "Buea Declaration", which called for constitutional revision to restore the1961 federation agreed upon in writing between the Southern Cameroons andformer French Cameroun, and the "Bamenda Proclamation", which stated that if the federal state was 'not restored within a reasonable time, the Southern Cameroons would assert its independence and take necessary measures to protect its territorial integrity and safeguard its people. , >~,<;,.,I ~ 18. The Complainants submit that the AAC.;',vY~;!iename" he Southern Cameroons Peoples Conference (SCPC) with the (SCNC) as thee'xecutive governing body. Later in 1995, there emerged the Southern Cameroons Peoples Organization (SCAPO) and the Southern Cameroons Youth League (SCYL). 19. The Complainants also submit that in furtherance oftheir independence objectives for the Southern Cameroons, the SCNC sent a delegation, led by John Ngu Foncha, former Prime Minister of the Southern Cameroons and former Vice President of the Federal Republic of Cameroon, to they.N'<~~ delegation was received on 1 June 1995. It presented a petition against the annexation and colonization of the Southern Cameroons by Republic of Cameroun. This was followed by a signature referendum the same year, which produced a 99% vote for independence with 315,000 people voting, a voting-electorate turnout far higher than at anx:~electoralconsult~tion in the Southern Cameroons. 20. The Complainants submit that the territory of the Southern Cameroons has an estimated population of about 7 million inhabitants and a land size of 43,000 sq. km. It is well endowed with natural resolJ.r,%e~ including: oil, gas, iron, gold, diamonds, bauxite, salt, timber, medicinal Elants, rare species of fauna and flora, food crops of a wide variety, and agricultural export crops such as rubber, banana, tea, oil palm and coffee. Forming an integral part of the territory is the much-talked-about Bakassi Peninsula with its large and varied fish stocks and huge oil and gas reserves A previous related complaint before the African Commission: Gumne et al. v Cameroun 21. The Complainants made referenced to a previous complaint before the African Commission on Human and Peoples Rights (the Commission), filed on 9 January 2003, by the SCNC and SCAPO, against former French Cameroun (Gumne et ~ 0\ID), wherein SCNC and SCAPO alleged that former French Cameroun is ~lOooo~y~g the territory of the Southern Cameroons, the frontiers of which are firmryr~ ~ecl ...~ the treaties mentioned above. ; -; \ , I _ "I r I,' / ~ '- \', 4 '''_" I I t ~~i-I": r ) l '~.-. f ,I