her of the United Nations, until the Security Council has taken the measures necessary to maintain international peace and security. Measures taken by Members in the exercise of this right of self· defense shall be immediately reported to the Se· curity Council and shall not in any way affect the authority and responsibility of the Security Coun· cil under the present Charter to take at any time such action asit deems necessary in order to main· tain or restore international peace and security. CHAPTER VIII REGIONAL ARRANGEMENTS Article 52 1. Nothing in the present Charter precludes the existence of regional arrangements or agencies for dealing with such matters relating to the maintenance of international peace and security as are appropriate for regional action, provided that such arrangements or agencies and their activities are consistent with the Purposes and Prin· ciples of the United Nations. 2. The Members of the United Nations entering into such arrangements or constituting such agencies shall make every effort to achieve pacific settlement of local disputes through such re· gional arrangements or by suCh regional agencies · before referring them to the Security Council. 3. The Security Council shall encourage the developmep.t of pacific settlement of local disputes through such regional arrangements or by such regional agencies either on the initiative of the states concerned or by reference from the Security Council. 4. This Article in no way Impairs the application of Articles 34 and 35. Article 53 1. The Security Council shall, where appropriate, utilize such regional arrangements or agencies for enforcement action under its authority. But no enforcement action shall be taken under regional arrangements or by regional agencies without the authorization of the Security Council,. with the exception of measures against any enemy state, as definein paragraph 2 of this Article, provided for pursuant to Article 107 or in regional arrangements directed against renewal of aggressive policy on the part of any such state, until st.U:h time as the OrganiZation may, on request of the Governments concerned, be charged with the responsibility for preventing further aggression by such a state. 2. The term enemy state as used in paragraph l of this Article applies to any state which during the Second World War has been an enemy of any signatory of the present Charter. Article 54 The Security Council shall at all times be kept fully informed of activities undertaken or in con· templation under regional arrangements or by regional agencies for the maintenance of international peace and security. CHAPTER IX INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COOPERATION Article 55 With a view to the creation of conditions of stability and well-being which are necessary for peaceful and friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-deter'mination of peoples, the United Nations shall promote: a. higher standards of living, full employment, and conditiop.s of economic and social progress and development; b. solutions of international economic, social, health, and·related problems; and inter· 11