(iii) Setting up a privilege system including day, week-end and holiday leave (iv) subject to satisfying appropriate criteria. (v) Sensitizing families and community in preparation for the reintegration of the person back into society and involve them in rehabilitation and development programs; (f) Developing half-way houses and other pre-release schemes in partnership with civil society groups; and (g) Extending the use of open prisons in appropriate circumstances. 62. Such measures are not new to the African continent and certainly not new to States Parties to the African Children‟s Charter and they should be used to promote the integration of mothers/ parents back into the family and society upon completing a custodial sentence. 63. The UN Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children provide that States 'should pay special attention to ensuring that children in alternative care because of parental imprisonment...have the opportunity to maintain contact with their parents and receive any necessary counselling and support in that regard19.' However, prison buildings and regimes are often remote and inaccessible for children visiting detained or imprisoned parents. This is a particular challenge for detained mothers since many countries have a limited number of facilities for female detainees. This can mean that children have to travel very long distances from their home to visit their mother which incurs financial costs and can also take up school time. If a decision is taken to imprison a parent or other primary caregiver then the relevant authorities should first establish where the child is living in order to have the parent or caregiver sent to a facility within suitable travelling distance of the child's home. Furthermore, consideration should be given to circumstances where the parent or caregiver is a foreign national who may require assistance in maintaining contact with children in their home country through telephone, email or written correspondence. Conversely, States Parties should provide assistance to the children of their nationals who are deprived of their liberty in another country, 19 UN Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children at para 82. 25

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