21. Having so found, we revert to a consideration of the Respondent’s culpability for the Commission’s conduct. Learned Counsel for the Applicant relied on Articles 4 and 5 of the ILC Articles for his submission that the Commission’s conduct was attributable to the State of Rwanda in so far as it was an organ thereof and/ or had been empowered by the laws of Rwanda to exercise elements of governmental authority. As quite rightly advanced by Mr. Gimara, Article 4(1) of the ILC Articles attributes the conduct of an organ of a State to that State regardless of whether that organ exercises a legislative, executive, judicial or other function. However, Article 4(2) defines an organ, the conduct of which would be attributable to a State, to include ‘any person or entity which has that status in accordance with the internal law of the State. That provision thus recognizes the applicability of a State’s internal law to a determination of whether or not a party whose conduct is in issue is, in fact, an organ of the State. Indeed paragraph 6 of the commentary to Article 4 does recognize this in the following terms: “In determining what constitutes an organ of a State for the purposes of responsibility, the internal law and practice of each State are of prime importance. The structure of the State and the function of its organs are not, in general, governed by international law. It is a matter for each State to decide how its administration is to be structured and which functions are to be assumed by government.” 22. In the same vein in Noble Ventures Inc. vs. Romania (supra) it was held: “Art. 4 2001 ILC Draft (Article 4 of the ILC Articles) lays down the well established rule that the conduct of any State organ, being understood as including any person or entity which has that status in accordance with the internal law of the State, shall be considered as an act of that State under REFERENCE No. 10 OF 2013 Page 12

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