other sections of the national community, mainly because of their special
relationship with their axicest-ral land, and because they regulate themselves, at
least partially, by their own norms, customs, and traditions."
121. The UN Pane] on Indigenous Peoples also stated that "or: an individual basis, on
indigenous person is one who belongs to these indigenous populations through selfidentificrztion as indigenous (group consciousness) and is recognized and accepted by
these populations as one of its members (nccepfrmce by the group). This preserves for
these connnunities the sovereign right and power to decide who belongs to them, without
externnl inferference".2'*
122.
In the present Communication, it appears from the documents and testimonies
available to the Commission that the Batwa community identifies itself as a
distinct social and cultural entity and "considers itself as a distinct people
sharing a unique common history, ethnicity, culture and religion as a traditional
people living in the forest". Moreover, other non-Batwa groups recognise, accept
and identify them by their culture and physical traits.
123. The Batwa have built a special relationship with their ancestral lands in the
Kahuzi-Biega forest based on a spiritual and material life. For example, H. K.,
one of the Batwa expelled from Kahuzi-Biega, testifies: "Our life is conditioned by
the presence of
forest. It is important for us to have access to the park because that is
where our hospital, food and place of worship are. I
] we used to hunt, look for yarns to
make traditiorml loinclotlls and plates, collect jirewood, yams and fruit. »25
124. In view of the above, the Commission, relying also on its jurisprudence in the
Enrforois case, as well as that of the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights
in the Ogiek case, considers that the Batwa people, as presented in the documents
produced by the Complainants, have the characteristics of an indigenous, and
therefore primitive, people. As such, its existence, in all its aspects, is linked to
the environment of this area, which has been declared a national park. Thus, its
eviction from this area without resettlement, if proven, constitutes a general
infringement of its right to existence, as set out in the violations alleged by the
Complairiants, which they are entitled to bring before the Commission.
za InterAmerican Court of Human Rights, case of the Soromoko People v. Suriname, Judgement of November
28,2007,para79
"Report of the UN Special Rapporteur o_Lthe SubCommission on Prevention of Discrimination and
Protection of Minorities on the Study;
381 & 382.
ZS Voir Déclaration sous serment c
thegqobiem of discrimination against Indigenous People, para