publishing information about candidates, particularly in relation to the opposition group Ginbot 7. 231. The Complainants also refer to violations leading up to the June 2021 election in Ethiopia, including allegations of killings during an antigovernment protest in Tigray. 232. On the other hand, while citing various legislations and other mechanisms to give effect to the right to participate in governance and hold elections in Ethiopia, the Respondent State argues that the Constitution guarantees the right of every individual to vote, be elected, and form or join a political organization, establishing a multi-party democracy. According to the Respondent State, during the 2015 national elections, there was an effective multi-party democracy through the disbursement of funds to political parties, free airtime, and media coverage for their election campaigns with a significant amount of radio, television, and print media space. 233. The Respondent State also alludes to the 2018 political reforms and other reforms, actions taken to appease opposition parties, and formerly banned political parties who had fled the country. They also cite the March 2019 Code of Conduct signed by 107 Ethiopian political parties, including the ruling party, to guide their operations and political activities. 234. In Constitutional Rights Project v. Nigeria, the Commission held that “to participate freely in government entails, among other things, the right to vote for the representative of one's choice. An inevitable corollary of this right is that the results of free expression of the will of the voters are respected; otherwise, the right to vote freely is meaningless.”78 235. In the same vein, the Commission, in its Guidelines on Access to Information and Elections in Africa, stated that: “For elections to be free, fair and credible, the electorate must have access to information at all stages of the electoral process. Without access to accurate, credible, and reliable information about a broad range of issues before, during, and after elections, it is impossible for citizens to meaningfully exercise their right to vote as envisaged by Article 13 of the African Charter.”79. 78 Communication No. 102/93 - Constitutional Rights Project v. Nigeria (1998), African Commission on Human and People’s Rights, Para. 50. 79 Paragraph 4, Preface of the Guidelines on Access to Information and Elections in Africa. ~ 46 ~ African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights 31 Bijilo Annex Layout, Kombo North District, West Coast Region, The Gambia, Phone: (220) 230 4361 Fax: (220) 441 05 04 Email: au-banjul@africa-union.org https:/achpr.au.int/