Guinea Bissau also adopted a Domestic Violence Act which regards domestic violence as a public act, wherein other members of the society can lodge a complaint for the victim in the event where he/she does not.4 Similarly, in 2011 Angola adopted a Domestic Violence Act which regards domestic violence as a public crime. Liberia passed the Rape Amendment Act and amended the Liberian Penal Code which expanded the definition of what constitutes “rape”, to include “intentionally penetrates the vagina, anus, mouth or any other opening of another person (male or female) with his penis, without the victim’s consent” or “intentionally penetrates the vagina or anus of another person with a foreign object or with any other part of his body … without the victim’s consent or if the victim is less than 18 years old. 5 In Namibia, the Combating of Domestic Violence Act, Act No. 4 of 2003, contains an extensive definition of domestic violence, to include physical, sexual, economic, verbal, emotional and psychological violence, intimidation and harassment. It further provides for the issuing of protection orders and police warnings in domestic violence matters. It also has provisions which should give added protection to complainants that lay criminal charges against their abusers. The Act gives police specific duties in domestic violence incidents, including the duty to help complainants get access to medical treatment and collect their personal belongings.6 In Liberia Gender and Sexually Based Violence Act, provides for the establishment of a specialized Court to try cases of sexual violence. Sexual violence against women is a criminal offence under the Penal Code and Domestic Violence Act in Malawi. The review of the Penal Code was completed in 2000 and enacted into law in 2010. It has, among other things, extended the definition of sexual activity ‘to include practices between or perpetrated by females.’ However, during the enactment process, no effort was made to reconsider the neutralization of rape as an offence which may be committed by both males and females. The enactment of the Penal Code (Amendment) Act also revised the age under which a girl may be defiled from 13 years to 16 years in line with the constitutional provision of protection of rights of children under section 23. The Gender Equality Act outlaws sexual harassment defining it in Section 6 as: A person commits an act of sexual harassment if he or she engages in any form of unwanted verbal, nonverbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature in circumstances in which a reasonable person, having regard to all the circumstances, would have anticipated that the other person would be offended, humiliated or intimidated. 7 In Namibia, the Combating of Rape Act defines rape as the intentional commission of a sexual act under coercive circumstances. African Development Bank ‘Country Profile Guinea Bissau’ (2015) 17. Horvát & M Zukani et al Gender-Based Violence Laws in Sub-Saharan Africa 2007 page 19. 6 http://www.achpr.org/files/sessions/58th/state-reports/6th-2011-2014/namibia_state_6th_periodic_report.pdf 49 7 http://www.achpr.org/files/sessions/56th/state-reports/1-1995-2013/malawi_state_report_eng.pdf 87 4 5E 6