GROPPERA RADIO AG AND OTHERS v. SWITZERLAND JUDGMENT DISSENTING OPINION OF JUDGE PETTITI 32 The European Court must uphold the protection and promotion of freedom of expression in the same spirit as the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States and the proceedings of the United Nations (16th session). It must keep in mind Helvetius's statement that it is useful to think and to be able to say everything and the Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776): "the freedom of the Press is one of the greatest bulwarks of liberty". Bibliography: C. Gavalda and L. Pettiti, Liberté d'expression, Paris, Ed. Lamy Audiovisuel; J.-P. Jacqué and L. Pettiti, Liberté d'expression, Montreal, Presse Universitaire de McGill. Case-law: SNEP c. CLT, Paris Court of Appeal (distinction); Meredith, United States (extension of the case-law on the First Amendment and the press to the audio-visual media; mutatis mutandis, Virginia State Board of Pharmacy). Professional opinion: Colloquy on "Freedom of Information and the Audio-Visual Revolution", European University Institute, Florence, 1989.