CHAPTER XII EDUCATION, TRAINING AND CULTURE Article 68 Education and Training 1. Member States shall strengthen co-operation among themselves in the field of education and training and coordinate and harmonize their policies in this field for the purpose of training persons capable of fostering the changes necessary for enhancing social progress and the development of the Continent. 2. For the purposes of paragraph 1 of this Article, Member States undertake to: (a) Improve the efficiency of existing educational systems by promoting the training of trainers and using appropriate methods and aids; (b) Cooperate in the strengthening of existing regional and Community training institutions and where necessary, establish new institutions, preferably through the strengthening of appropriate existing national and regional institutions; (c) Prepare, coordinate and harmonize joint training programmes with a view to adapting them to development needs thereby ensuring progressively self-sufficiency in skilled personnel; (d) Promote the systematic exchange of experience and information on education policy and planning; and (e) Take appropriate measures to stop the brain- drain from the Community and encourage the return of qualified professionals and skilled manpower to their countries of origin. Article 69 Culture Member states shall: (a) Pursue the objectives of the Cultural Charter for Africa; (b) Promote and propagate endogenous African cultural value; (c) Make every effort to preserve and recover their cultural heritage; (d) Ensure that development policies adequately reflect their socio-cultural values in order to consolidate their cultural identity 47