58 GIULIANI AND GAGGIO v. ITALY JUDGMENT However, such discussions are not relevant in the present case, in which a death occurred not in the course of an operation to disperse demonstrators and control a crowd of marchers, but during a sudden and violent attack which, as the Court has just observed (see paragraphs 185-189 above), posed an imminent and serious threat to the lives of three carabinieri. The Convention, as interpreted by the Court, provides no basis for concluding that law-enforcement officers should not be entitled to have lethal weapons at their disposal to counter such attacks. 217. Lastly, as to the applicants' submission that some carabinieri had used non-regulation weapons such as metal batons (see paragraph 201 above), the Court does not discern any connection between this circumstance and the death of Carlo Giuliani. 218. It follows that there has been no violation of Article 2 of the Convention in its substantive aspect as regards the domestic legislative framework governing the use of lethal force or as regards the weapons issued to the law-enforcement agencies during the G8 summit in Genoa. C. Whether the organisation and planning of the policing operations were compatible with the obligation to protect life arising out of Article 2 of the Convention 219. The applicants submitted that the State's responsibility was also engaged on account of shortcomings in the planning, organisation and management of the public-order operations. The Government contested that argument. 1. The parties' submissions (a) The applicants 220. In the applicants' submission, the planning and conduct of the law-enforcement agencies' operations had been beset by a number of failings, omissions and errors. They contended that Carlo Giuliani's life could have been saved if the appropriate measures had been taken. They referred in particular to the following circumstances. (i) Lack of a clear chain of command and of proper organisation of the operations 221. The applicants pointed out that changes had been made to the organisation of the operations on the eve of the demonstrations, giving the carabinieri a dynamic role (rather than a stationary one, as originally planned). The commanding officers had been informed of the change orally on the morning of 20 July. As was clear from the statements made during the “trial of the twenty-five” by police officer Lauro and carabinieri officer