c) Repairs and alterations, washing, laundering or sterilization. d) Application of preservatives or decorative coatings, including lubricants, protective encapsulation, preservative or decorative paint or metallic coatings. e) Testing, sorting or grading. f) Marking, labeling or affixing other like distinguishing signs on products or their packages. g) Simple operations consisting of removal of dust, sifting or screening, sorting, classifying and matching, including the making up of set goods, greasing, washing, painting and cutting up. 5. Miscellaneous a) Any process or work in respect of which it may be demonstrated , on the basis of the preponderance of evidence, that the sole objective was to circumvent these rules. b) For purposes of this provision, any other single operation described above does not automatically prevent conferring origin if it is coupled with any other operation described above such as testing or fabricating. In deciding whether to confer origin, the administering authority must decide whether the operations considered results in a substantial transformation of the product, meaning that the operations resulted in a new and different article with a new name, character and use. RULE 4 GOODS WHOLLY PRODUCED IN THE MEMBER STATES