of protestors swelled from around five hundred to nearly three thousand (3000) over a period of three (3) months as many protestors brought their families. The State alleges that as a result, the park in a residential neighborhood became a permanent shelter for the protestors, who committed many crimes against residents of the neighborhood. The State further alleges that the protest caused health, security and environmental hazards. The State submits that inhabitants were subjected to illegal actions by the protestors who acted in contravention of public order and public morality. The State proceeds to list nine cases where the protestors were involved in quarrels, public alcohol consumption and similar misdemeanors. 116. The State submits that in keeping with its commitment to provide protection to the UNHCR and to avert the harm and danger posed by the protest, the authorities sought diligently to put an end to the protest through peaceful means, including proposing alternatives to the unrealistic demands made by the protestors and bringing in Sudanese and Egyptian government and nongovernment officials to mediate the stand-off. After three months of initiatives to end the protest, the Respondent State submits that it was left with no option but to break up the unlawful sit-in protest because of (1) the ongoing health, security and social hazards, as well as a park being an inappropriate place to live, (2) the failure of reaching an agreement with of the protestors due to their unrealistic demand and (3) repeated requests from UNHCR to the State to end the protest to protect its Staff. The State in addition submits that the public park is inside one of the main squares in Cairo where many embassies, banks, hospitals and different financial and commercial activities are located. 117. The Respondent State alleges that in a bid to ensure the safety of the protestors as well as the citizens residing in the neighborhood, the operation to remove protestors was carried out gradually. The State avers that many incidents occurred because the protestors resisted and confronted the forces charged with transferring them to another shelter equipped for such a purpose as well as “their pushing and running”, resulting in deaths and casualties among the protestors, casualties among the police and widespread damage to public property. 118. The State further avers that following the incident, the State has, through senior government and non-government officials on more than one occasion 29

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