the Water Recourses Technical Committee (WRTC) that usually comprises directors of water or other
senior technical persons from Water Departments in the SADC Member States. WRTC, working with
the SADC Water Division, prepares the agenda and other reports for the Committee of Water
Ministers. The WRTC also works very closely with the SADC Water Division and gives technical inputs
into policy issues, which eventually end up for consideration with the Committee of Water Ministers.
This institutional framework is clearly provided for in Article 5 (1), while the functions are stipulated
in Article 5 (2) of the Revised Protocol on Shared Watercourses (SADC 2000). There is therefore an
adequate regional platform for policy and decision‐making in the Water Sector.
River Basin Organisations (RBOs) can be set up as commissions, authorities or boards as provided for
in Article 5 (3) of the Revised Protocol on Shared Watercourses (SADC 2000), and their functions,
while alluded to in the said provision, are determined by the watercourse states that have ratified
the Watercourse Management Agreement. An analysis by RBOs of the existing institutional
arrangements regarding the planning, marketing and execution of water sector infrastructure reveals
that:
There is a lack of mandate in RBOs and water authorities to plan, source financing and
implement water resource infrastructure independent of the watercourse states. This has the
disadvantage in that instead of investors dealing directly with the watercourse institution,
pulling on guarantees or assurances that the watercourse states as a whole might give if
necessary, have to wait for the approval of all the watercourse states to proceed with the
infrastructure investment. Such approvals take time to be received, if at all, in some cases.
There is lack of capacity in RBOs and water authorities to prepare, package and market
projects for external funding and efficiently implement funded projects.
Instead of setting up RBOs and water authorities with generic functions such as knowledge
acquisition, capacity building and environmental management, there is a need to set up project‐
specific institutions that are capacitated to plan, develop, market, implement and operate water
resource infrastructure at either national, bi‐national or multi‐national levels. Examples are the
Zambezi River Authority (ZRA), the Lesotho Highlands Development Authority (LHDA), the Lesotho
Highlands Water Commission (LHWC) and the Inkomati Basin Water Authority (KOBWA). This is
provided for in Article 6 (4) of the SADC Revised Protocol on Shared Watercourses, and is of
paramount importance for any regional approach to infrastructure development. An institutional
reform project has been included as part of the prioritised projects of the Water Sector RIDMP to
facilitate changes/reforms in the mandate of the RBOs, to enable them takes on infrastructure
development responsibilities.
The SADC Water Division interacts with both the Water Strategy Reference Group (WSRG), which is a
coordinating body for International Cooperating Partners (ICPs) in the Water Sector in SADC. The
WSRG provides strategic advice and mobilises financial and technical resources to implement the
SADC Regional Water Sector Programme. The WSRG is thus a key partner in the execution of the
RIDMP.
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