37 circulation of ideas and opinions, the arbitrary imposition of information and the creation of obstacles to the free flow of information, violate the right to freedom of expression. Arguments of the representatives of the alleged victim 100. The representatives of the alleged victim alleged that the State is responsible for violating Article 13 of the Convention in relation to Article 1(1) thereof, and indicated that: a) On August 9, 2000, the President of the Republic of Guatemala acknowledged the State’s responsibility for the facts on which the application and the arguments contained in this pleading before the Inter-American Court are based, which “is also equivalent to accepting that the violations of the right to freedom of thought and expression of Maritza Urrutia are the State’s responsibility”; b) The dual dimension of Article 13 of the Convention should be taken into consideration; a positive dimension, which is freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds; and a negative dimension, according to which no one is obliged to make public what he does not wish to. They also affirmed that the social or individual function of the said article should also be considered and, to this end, they referred to concepts indicated in the application; c) The disappearance of Maritza Urrutia, in July 1992, was front-page news in Guatemala, so that her appearance on newscasts imparting false information on her whereabouts, was an attack against the right of the alleged victim to self-respect and the right of the Guatemalans to receive true and objective information; and d) According to the statements made by Maritza Urrutia, when she was liberated, she was obliged, under threat, to reiterate what she had said in the video. This fact again violated Article 13 of the Convention to the detriment of the victim and the public. Arguments of the State 101. The State did not present any specific arguments about the alleged violation of Article 13 of the Convention. Considerations of the Court 102. Paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 13 of the American Convention establish that: 1. Everyone has the right to freedom of thought and expression. This right includes freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing, in print, in the form of art, or through any other medium of one's choice. 2. The exercise of the right provided for in the foregoing paragraph shall not be subject to prior censorship but shall be subject to subsequent imposition of liability, which shall be expressly established by law to the extent necessary to ensure: a. respect for the rights or reputations of others; or