d) Establishment in accordance with the provisions of Article 7E of this Protocol, of Centres of Specialisation for vocational education and technical training where joint programmes shall be developed and offered especially in specialised fields such as the development and provision of vocational education and technical training through distance learning methods. These areas shall be identified and agreed by Member States from time to time. ARTICLE7 CO-OPERATION IN IDGHER EDUCATION AND TRAINING (A) ACCESS TO UNIVERSITIES: STUDENT AND STAFF MOBILITY 1 Member States agree to recommend to universities and other tertiary institutions in their countries to reserve at least 5% of admissions for students from SADC nations other than their own. 2 Member States agree to work towards harmonisation, equivalence, and eventual standardisation of University entrance requirements. 3 Member States agree that in order to prevent costly repetition of courses taken at universities within the Region and in order to contribute towards the mutual recognition of qualifications throughout the Region, universities shall be encouraged to devise mechanisms to facilitate credit transfer from one University to another within the Region. 4 Member States agree that it is desirable to work towards the harmonisation of the academic years of universities in order to facilitate staff and student mobility. 5 Member States agree that within ten years from the date of entry into force of this Protocol, they shall treat students from SADC countries as home students for purposes of fees and accommodation. 6. Member States agree to facilitate movement of students and staff from the Region for purposes of study, research, teaching and any other pursuits relating to education and training. To this end, Member States agree to work towards the gradual relaxation and eventual elimination of immigration formalities that hinder free student and staff mobility. (B) UNDER-GRADUATE STUDIES 1 Member States agree that whilst education and training at under-graduate level shall continue to be largely the responsibility of each Member State, co-operation and mutual assistance is possible and shall take place in some fields of study which can be agreed to by the institutions concerned. To this end, Member States agree to recommend to their universities: a) to co-operate in the design of academic programmes where appropriate, in particular in programmes which are jointly taught; b) to establish links between themselves bilaterally and multilaterally for purposes of joint or split- site teaching, collaborative research and consultancy work, and for other academic activities where appropriate. The format, content and implementing modalities shall be worked out by the concerned universities between themselves; 11