RE AR D T U W TO REGIONAL STRATEGIC ACTION PLAN IV (2016 - 2020) MUNITY SOUTHERN M CO AF T VE N DE LOPM EN CA RI SA C O M MO N FU P6.4.3 UNDERSTANDING OF THE INTERACTION OF MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS commercialization of alien invasive aquatic and terrestrial plants by converting these plants into valuable products. There is need to improve the understanding of the interactions between fresh water and marine ecosystems through a “sources to sea” approach at the river basin scale. The key activity entails developing programmes that facilitate the studying and monitoring of the relationship between freshwater and marine ecosystems (“source to sea” concept) and mitigate sea water intrusion in coastal areas. P6.3.5 PROTECTION OF FRAGILE ECOSYSTEMS P6.3.4 AQUATIC WEEDS The rapid spread of alien invasive aquatic and terrestrial plants that have an impact on water resources has to be controlled in the region. Activities include: a) re-establishing the programme for the control of aquatic plants (Invasive Alien Species – (IAS) and supporting member States and RBOs to implement the programme; b) undertaking research on the management and control of alien invasive aquatic and terrestrial plants, including the use of indigenous knowledge; and c) undertaking research on commoditization The management of fragile aquatic ecosystems including wetlands has to be improved. Wetlands play a vital role in maintaining the integrity of the ecosystems of the SADC region. They are the source of rivers; they provide base-flow especially in dry periods; they clean the water of pollutants; prevent soil erosion; and act as detention ponds during flooding. Activities include: a) developing management and protection programmes for fragile ecosystems such as wetlands, estuaries, river sources, etc.), in collaboration with other sectors and institutions; b) assisting RBOs/OSIC and Member States to implement fragile (e.g. wetland) sustainable ecosystem protection and management programmes; and c) undertaking projects to demonstrate the value of ecosystems. and A Vehicle to implement the Water Component of the Regional Indicative Strategic Development Plan (RISDP) 26