of " indigenous population " in other international human rights instruments.
There have, however, been efforts to define indigenous populations.1 3 In
this regard , the Court draws inspiration from the work of the Commission
through its Working Group on Indigenous Populations/Communities. The Working
Group has adopted the following criteria to identify indigenous populations:
"
i.
Self-identification;
i i. A special attachment to and use of their traditional land whereby their ancestral land
and territory have a fundamental importance for their collective physical and cultural
survival as peoples; and
iii . A state of subjugation, marginalisation, dispossession, exc lus ion , or
discrimination because these peoples have different cultures , ways of
life or mode of production than the national hegemonic and dominant
model. " 14
106. The Court also draws inspiration from the work of the United Nations
Special Rapporteur on Minorities, which specifies the criteria to identify
indigenous populations as follows :
i.
That indigenous people can be appropriately considered as "Indigenous
communities, peoples and nations which having a historical continuity with
pre- invasion and pre-colonial societies that developed on their territories ,
consider themselves distinct from other sectors of societies now prevailing
in those territories, or parts of them. They form at present non -dominant
sectors of society and are determined to preserve, develop, and transmit
to future generations, their ancestral territories, and their ethnic identity,
as the basis of th eir continued existence as peoples, in accordance with
their own cultural patterns, social institutions and legal systems"; 15
13
See Article 1 of the International Labour Organisation Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention No 169
adopted by the 76th Session of the International Labour Conference on 27 June 1989.
14 Advisory Opinion Of The African Commission On Human And Peoples' Rights On The United Nations
Declaration On The Rights Of Indigenous Peoples, adopted by The African Commission On Human And
Peoples' Rights At Its 41st Ordinary Session Held In May 2007 In Accra, Ghana, at page 4.
15 Report of the Special Rapporteur of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection
of Minorities E/CN.4/Sub.2/1986/7/Add.4, paragraph 379.
i