36. The Complainants submit that each of these authorities has the legal obligation and constitutional mandate to stop the human rights violations, and the competence to issue legal advice and orders for the investigation of the Police and the soldiers, including the commanders, but none of them acted positively. Instead, the Undersecretary of the Ministry of Justice, who is the Chief Civil Administrator of the Ministry, bluntly told the Complainants verbatim that "there is nothing the Ministry of Justice can do in that case". 37. They added that the reason they resorted to reintroducing their petition at another Police Division - the police at the Northern Division, which was aside from the one within their area of residence was because they saw no prospect of success in relying on the authorities to move their complaints forward to the highest levels as they should. However, the Northern Police Division could only open a criminal case with number 6105/2021 against Mading, due to the fact that any criminal case against the unit of the joint og~.ri~tionforce, in Lologo II or the military police would require waiver of immunit)/6f those forces or the approval of the Inspector General of the Police and that of the Chief of Defense Forces or the President of the Republic. 38. The Complainants further submit that their lawyer was abducted, tortured and abused on December 21, 2021, arbitrarilyjarrested anclJrreatened with death on 12 January 2022, also attacked on 14 january 2022, but-managed to escape, and, again, arbitrarily arrested, handed a travel ban and had his passport unlawfully seized on 25 January '~JJ2~. The same soldiers and other officers coerced the Chairperson of the South Sudan Bar Association to violate the rights of the lawyer to an independent bar association and due process of law, they also attacked and threatened to kill the prosecutor in Lologo II. 39. They fear that a third fabricated case could follow with another wave of serious violat!081.1~ of human r~g,Q!sif the Complainants insist on attempting to exhaust the difficult local remedy process; They allege that every CID police in Lologo II moves with an illegally photocopied warrant of arrest indicating the arrest of the lawyer and others by finy law enforcement, and that they have continued to _~ ,. ';'r~~<" suffer inhumane treatments as a result of grave misconduct and the violence deployed by the illegal and disproportionate use of force against them by the military police and the joint operation force in Lologo II. Consequently, Modong and other complainants have had to flee the area, taking refuge in Uganda. 40. The Complainants posit that Article 151 (6) and Article 152 (c) of the Transitional Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan state that "the national armed forces shall respect and abide by the rule of law and respect the will of the people, the civilian authority, democracy, basic human rights and fundamental freedoms ..." and that the national armed forces shall not be used as an instrument of physical intimidation of the civilian population." 77th Ordinary Session of the ACHPR

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