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Human Rights our
Collective Responsibility
Environmental Impact Assessment Proclamation 299/2002, an environmental
and social impact assessment (ESIA) approved by the Ethiopian Environmental
Protection Agency was necessary for holding consultations on the two projects.
The Complainants contended that the requisite ESIA for the Gibe III dam was
undertaken two years after construction began, while no assessment was
undertaken for the Kuraz or, if at all, that that information relating thereto was
never made public. The Complainants submitted that construction of the dam
started in 2006 before environmental approval was received two years later in
2008.
242. In response, the Respondent State submitted that Ethiopia is recognized to have
achieved inclusive growth and, as of 2015, was on track to meet most of the
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).The Respondent State also emphasized
that Ethiopia remained one of the continent's most vulnerable countries. The
Respondent State highlighted that it was in response to the food insecurity faced
by over seven million people and the dependence by most ofits citizens on rainfed agriculture amidst increasing draught, that it launched the Growth and
Transformation Plan (GTP). The Respondent State contends that the GTP places
emphasis on ensuring effective public participation in implementation and
monitoring of the Plan. The Respondent State also submitted that the ClimateResilient Green Economy Strategy is also integrated into the GTP.
243. The Respondent State also submitted that one important green resource
identified in the Climate-Resilient Green Economy Strategy that will help the
country reach its energy goal is hydroelectric power. The Respondent State
contends that prior to the construction of the Gibe III dam, the country generated
only 2000MW of electric power for a nation of almost 90 million inhabitants. The
Respondent State submitted that the rural parts of the nation where most
Ethiopians live, only a few households have access to electricity. As such, the
Respondent State contends that it would be shirking from its responsibility if it
fails to exploit its abundant hydroelectric power resources to achieve poverty
eradication.
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53
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