41
MARCKX v. BELGIUM JUDGMENT
DISSENTING OPINION OF JUDGE SIR GERALD FITZMAURICE
12. But the reverse is not logically true: indeed, precisely because the one
can exist irrespective of the situation in regard to the other, the former (i.e.,
family life) implies nothing about the latter (i.e., the civil status aspect), and
Article 8 (art. 8) does not purport to regulate this, nor can it legitimately be
considered to do so by any process of inference: it is inconceivable that a
provision intended to regulate or include even one aspect of so important,
but distinct, a matter as civil status, would not have been drafted in such a
way as to make separate mention of it - or at least of the particular aspect of
it concerned - alongside the specific mention of private and family life,
home and correspondence. If the two latter heads, for instance, had to be
given separate mention, as not being obviously attributable to the notions of
private and family life, how much more would this have been required in
order to ensure the inclusion (if that was the intention) of such matters as
affiliation and civil status, to say nothing of the consequential patrimonial
and other economic rights that the Court has read into a provision that is
completely devoid of even an indirect indication of them.
13. It has at no time been suggested that there has ever been any lack of
respect for the family life of the Marckxes (mother, daughter and blood
relations) if the term "family life" is given the meaning it would normally
convey (and be confined to) in the understanding of the "man-in-the-street",
namely as meaning the day-to-day life of the family in the home, or (in
regard to blood relations or friends) in one another’s homes in the course of
visits or stays, - in short the notion of the family complex or ménage. The
adjunction of the terms "private life", "home" and "correspondence" in the
same context in Article 8 (art. 8), very much confirms this view. None of
these terms, or that of family life itself, in the least suggests such concepts
as those of civil status, doubtful affiliation, patrimonial and property rights,
such as the judgment is exclusively concerned with, and which can only by
a strained and artificial interpretation be regarded as included in the
concepts of private life, family life, home, etc. These are matters belonging
to a different order, class or category.
14. The foregoing considerations are strikingly confirmed by reference to
the position under the Convention of the institution of marriage - also a
matter of civil status, and far more directly related to family life than
affiliation. Yet those who drafted the Convention deemed it necessary to
devote not merely a separate form of words - not merely a separate sentence
or a separate paragraph - but a whole separate provision (Article 12) (art.
12) to the right to marry – and not only the right to marry but also "to found
a family". If the right to found a family could not be regarded as being
automatically covered by the obligation to respect "private life", etc., how
could a right on the part of a natural daughter to be regarded ipso facto as
the child of her mother by reason of birth per se, and without specific
registration, be considered as falling automatically within that same
obligation (to respect private life, etc.), and without the inclusion of any