ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS In this Protocol the terms and expressions defined in Article 1 of the Treaty shall bear the same meaning unless the context otherwise requires. In this Protocol, unless the context otherwise requires: "Community-based wildlife management" means the management of wildlife by a community or group of communities which has the right to manage the wildlife and to receive the benefits from that management; "Conservation" means the protection, maintenance, rehabilitation, restoration and enhancement of wildlife and includes the management of the use of wildlife to ensure the sustainability of such use; "State Party" means a member of SADC that ratifies or accedes to this Protocol; "Sustainable use" means use in a way and at a rate that does not lead to the long-term decline of wildlife species; "Transfrontier conservation area" means the area or the component of a large ecological region that straddles the boundaries of two or more countries, encompassing one or more protected areas, as well as multiple resources use areas; "Taking" means the hunting, killing, injuring, capturing, harassing, collecting, picking, uprooting, digging up, cutting, destruction and removal of any species of wildlife and include any attempt to engage in such conduct; "Wildlife" means animal and plant species occurring within natural ecosystems and habitats; ARTICLE 2 SCOPE This Protocol applies to the conservation and sustainable use of wildlife, excluding forestry and fishery resources. ARTICLE 3 PRINCIPLES 1. Each State Party shall ensure the conservation and sustainable use of wildlife resources under its jurisdiction. Each State Party shall ensure that activities within its jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the wildlife resources of other states or in areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. 2. Pursuant to the attainment of the principles contained in Article 3 of this Protocol, States Parties shall: a) ensure co-operation at the national level among governmental authorities, nongovernmental organisations hereinafter referred to as NGOs, and the private sector;