5 129/94 Civil Liberties Organisation / Nigeria, comment of Professor Christof Heyns (2001) Human Rights in Africa (Kluwer Law International: The Hague), p. 133. Communication 211/98, Legal Resources Centre / Gambia, the Commission declared the obligation imposed by Article 1 peremptory. 6 Constitutional Rights Project / Nigeria. 7 Huri-Laws / Nigeria. 8 Sir Dawda K. Jawara / The Gambia. 9 Legal Resources Foundation / Zambia. 10 Lawyers Committee for Human Rights / Sudan, Malawi African Association / Mauritania, Amnesty International / Mauritania, Civil Liberties Organisation / Nigeria. 11 Adopted by the Seventh meeting of the United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders held at Milan from 26 August to 6 September 1985 and approved by Resolutions 40/32 of the General Assembly of 29 November 1985 and 40/146 December 13, 1985. 12 Minimum standards of IBA on the independence of the judiciary (Adopted 1982). 13 Huri-Laws / Nigeria. 14 Sir Dawda Jawara / The Gambia. 8