period. As a result, no Ethiopian was able to fully exercise their right to vote as protected under Articles 9 and 13(1) of the Charter. 66. Considering the very nature of the violations alleged in this Communication, it is the Commission’s view that the facts equally apply to every single Ethiopian citizen who was denied the free flow of information, public debate, and dialogue during the 2015 electoral period, regardless of their political affiliation or proclivity to exercise their vote or not. 67. Furthermore, in Malawi African Association et al. v. Mauritania,19 the Commission recognized that in a situation of grave and massive violations, giving a complete list of names of all the victims may be impossible. The Commission noted that “…. Article 56(1) simply demands that Communications indicate the names of those submitting and not those of all the victims of alleged violations.” 68. In the same vein, in Kevin Mgwanga Gunme et al. v Cameroon20, the Communication was filed on behalf of the people of Southern Cameroon. The Commission noted that “Article 56(1) of the African Charter requires a Communication to indicate its authors and not the victims of the violations.” 21 69. Additionally, in Lawyers for Human Rights (Swaziland) v The Kingdom of Swaziland,22 the Commission again found the Communication brought by an NGO to be admissible, even though it was filed on behalf of the entire population of Swaziland.23 Under this similar formation of Complainant and victims to include the whole population of a country, the Commission expressly stated that “the requirements under subsections (1) (2) (3) (4) and (7) of Article 56 raise no contentious issues and require no further examination.”24 70. The Commission also took the same position regarding Communications submitted against Benin, Zaïre, and Rwanda,25 19 n 7 above, para 79. 20n 16 above.. 21 As above, para. 67. 22 Communication 414/12. 23 As above, para 3. 24 As above, para 36. 25 Cf. decisions on communications 16/88, 17/88, 18/88, 25/89, 47/90, 56/91, 100/93 Legal Assistance Group/ Zaïre, and 27/89, 46/91, 49/91, 99/93 World Organisation against Torture, International Association of Democratic Jurists, International Commission of Jurists and Inter-African Human Rights Union / Rwanda).” ~ 11 ~ African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights 31 Bijilo Annex Layout, Kombo North District, West Coast Region, The Gambia, Phone: (220) 230 4361 Fax: (220) 441 05 04 Email: au-banjul@africa-union.org https:/achpr.au.int/

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