18 | Principles and Guidelines on Human and Peoples’ Rights while Countering Terrorism in Africa ENGLISH (iii) Medical Assistance: States shall ensure that assistance and medical aid are rendered to any injured or affected individuals at the earliest possible moment. States shall also ensure that relatives or close friends of the injured or affected individuals are notified at the earliest possible moment. Explanatory Note to Use of Lethal and Non-Lethal Force: See, ACHPR, Guidelines on the Conditions of Arrest, Police Custody and Pre-Trial Detention in Africa, Guideline 3(c)(iii); Comm. 266/03, Kevin Mgwanga Gunme et al v. Cameroon (2009), paras. 136 and 138; Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials, Article 3; United Nations Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials, Articles 5(a-b) and 9; Comm. 288/2004, Gabriel Shumba v. Republic of Zimbabwe (May 2012), footnote 16; Code of Conduct for Police Officials adopted by the Southern African Regional Police Chiefs Cooperation Organisation (SARPCCO), Article 3; Report of the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions (Study on targeted killings), Philip Alston, A/HRC/14/24/Add.6, May 28, 2010, paras. 10 and 32-33; ACHPR, Resolution 227: on the expansion of the mandate of the Working group on Death Penalty in Africa; Comms. 54/91-61/91-96/93-98/93-164/97_196/97-210/98, Malawi African Association, Amnesty International, Ms Sarr Diop, Union interafricaine des droits de l›Homme and RADDHO, Collectif des veuves et ayants-Droit, Association mauritanienne des droits de l›Homme v. Mauritania (2000), para. 120; and Explanatory Note to Principle 3(D)(i), Prohibition of Torture and Principle 3(D)(ii), Prohibition on Disappearances. Explanatory Note to Planning and Preparation: See, ECtHR, McCann v UK, 27 September 1995, Application No. 18984/91, para. 193; U.N. Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials, Article 10; and Comm. 288/2004, Gabriel Shumba v. Republic of Zimbabwe (May 2012), footnote 16. Explanatory Note to Report, Investigate, and Prosecute: See, U.N. Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials, Article 6; commentary to Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials, Article 3; Comm. 288/2004, Gabriel Shumba v. Republic of Zimbabwe (May 2012), footnote 16; and Explanatory Note to the Principle 1(D), Obligation to Ensure Accountability, Principle 1(E), Obligation to Provide an Effective Remedy, and Principle 1(F), Obligation to Provide Reparation. Explanatory Note to Medical Assistance: See, African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, Article 16; Comm. 250/02, Liesbeth Zegveld and Mussie Ephrem v. Eritrea (November 2003), para. 55; ACHPR, Guidelines and Measures for the Prohibition and Prevention of Torture, Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment in Africa–, Guideline 31; ACHPR, Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Fair Trial and Legal Assistance in Africa, Section M(2)(e) (“Rights Upon Arrest”); U.N. Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials, Article 5(c-d); Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials, Article 6; Comm. 288/2004, Gabriel Shumba v. Republic of Zimbabwe (May 2012), footnote 16; and Code of Conduct for Police Officials adopted by the Southern African Regional Police Chiefs Cooperation Organisation (SARPCCO), Article 5.