requisite knowledge. Only after the complainant has that knowledge, will the period of the two-month limitation begin to run. That, in this Court`s view is a perfectly fair, equitable and rational solution to balance the competing interests. We find nothing arbitrary, capricious, or unreasonable concerning this comprehensive solution of Article 30 – especially so in a Treaty which governs not Human Rights matters, but Trade and Social interests within and between the Partner States. In this regard, it is necessary to emphasize that the Court does not, as yet, have the substantive Human Rights jurisdiction envisaged under Article 27 (2) of the Treaty. Nonetheless, as this Court has consistently held, mere inclusion of allegations of human rights violations in a Reference will not deter the Court from exercising its interpretation jurisdiction under Article 27 (1) of the Treaty – see especially the case of Katabazi and 21 Others v EAC Secretary General and Attorney General of Uganda, Reference No. 1 of 2007. 53. Indeed, this Court is not alone in strictly applying the legal certainty principle. We are fortified in this regard by the rich history and rationale of the European Court (the prototype, after which our Court was modeled) concerning the brevity and strict application of the two-month limitation rule. The European Court applies the short limitation period strictly, precisely because of the rationale of legal certainty — see for instance, that Court`s judgment of 14 September 1999, on appeal by the Commission of the European Communities: Appellant v. Assi Doman Kraft AB, Iggesunds Bruk AB, Korsnas AB MoDo Paper AB; and on appeal against the Judgment of the Court of First Instance of European Communities (2nd Chamber) of July 1997 in Case T-227/95 Assi Doman Kraft Products and Others Commission [1197] ECR II-1185, seeking to have that judgment set aside. The Court held……in paragraphs 57, 60, 61 that: “It is settled case-law that a decision which has not been challenged by the addressee within the time-limit laid down by Article 173 of the Treaty becomes definitive as against him (see, in particular, the Judgment in case 20/65 Collotti v Court of Justice [1965] ECR and the Judgment in TWD Textilwerke Deggendorf.” 17

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