Library • African Human Rights CLA 2.0

002/2011 Request for Advisory Opinion by Marcel Ceccaldi

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Type of Document

Advisory Opinion

Keywords

Non Compliance

Case Headnotes: A letter dated August 22nd 2011 was received by a registrar at the court, where advocate Marcel Ceccaldi requested an advisory opinion from the court on behalf of the Peoples Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. The court instructed the registrar to ask the author of the request to show proof that he was acting on behalf of Libya, but unfortunately the author declined to respond to this request. The attitude of the author of the request for advisory opinion, showed unwillingness to pursue the matter further. As a result of this behavior, the court unanimously decided to remove the request from the general list of the court.

Country

Libya

Country Geolocation: Libya: 32° 33′ 21″ N, 13° 16′ 48″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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042/2016 - Collectif des Anciens Travailleurs du Laboratoire ALS v. Mali

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Type of Document

Ruling

Keywords

Right to a General Satisfactory Environment
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Health
Workers' Rights

Case Headnotes: According to the records, on 1 February 2012,ihe Applicants, who claim to have been victims of lead poisoning during their service, seized the Prosecutor at the Commune lll Court of First instance of the District of Bamako of a criminal complaint, followed by a letter addressed to the Attorney General at the Court of Appeal of Bamako on the same subject. The Applicants allege that the Australian Laboratory, which specializes in the chemical analysis of samples to determine the content of gold and other metals, used in this respect, toxic products such as acid, butyl isobutyl (DIBK), and solvents such as nitrate, sodium, lithium, borax, sodium carbonate, sodium oxide and lead.

Country

Mali

Country Geolocation: Mali: 17° 34′ 14″ N, 3° 59′ 46″ W

AfCHPR Decision

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ECW/CCJ/JUD/27/26 - Société de Production et d’Exportation Banane Antilles (PACOBAN) v. Republic of Côte d’Ivoire

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Admissibility

Case Headnotes: Applicant seeking compensation for its banana farm which was largely affected by the construction of a hydroelectric dam by CI-Energies.

Country

Côte d'Ivoire

Outcome: Ruled Inadmissible

Year Decided: May 18, 2026

Country Geolocation: Côte d'Ivoire: 7° 32′ 24″ N, 5° 32′ 49″ W

ECOWAS Court

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039/2019 - Chacha Jeremiah Murimi v. United Republic of Tanzania

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Death Sentence
Right to Dignity
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Life

Case Headnotes: Chacha Jeremiah Murimi, a Tanzanian national, was convicted of murder by the High Court of Tanzania and sentenced to the mandatory death penalty by hanging. His conviction and sentence were upheld by the Court of Appeal of Tanzania. He filed an application before the African Court alleging that Tanzania had violated his rights under the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights through the imposition of the mandatory death penalty and various aspects of his criminal proceedings. Owing to the similarity of the legal and factual issues, the Court consolidated his application with Application No. 040/2019 (Mathew Jeremiah Daud) and Application No. 041/2019 (Paschal Ligoye Mashiku) and delivered a single judgment.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 4: Right to Life and Integrity
ACHPR 5: Cruel Inhuman and Degrading Treatment

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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ECW/CCJ/JUD/28/25- Lawyers Alert Initiative for Protecting the Rights of Children, Women and the Indigent v. Federal Republic of Nigeria

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Arbitrary Arrest and Detention
Freedom from Discrimination
Human Rights Violations
Inadequate/Inappropriate Legal Provisions
Jurisdiction
Protection of Family and Vulnerable Groups
Rights and Welfare of the Child
Sexual and Gender Based Violence
Women's Rights

Case Headnotes: Challenge to vagrancy and criminal provisions in Nigeria’s Penal Code (1963, Northern Nigeria) and Criminal Code Act (1916, Southern Nigeria). Alleged arbitrary arrests, dehumanization, and imprisonment of vulnerable groups, especially sex workers. Claims of violations of human rights under the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights: Articles 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 12, 18, and 19. Focus on protection of vulnerable groups, women, and children. Issues around inadequate/inappropriate legal provisions and freedom from discrimination. Involvement of civil society as amicus curiae (Alliance for the Decriminalisation of Petty Offences in Nigeria – ADPON).

Country

Nigeria

Outcome: Case Dismissed

Year Decided: May 14, 2025

Country Geolocation: Nigeria: 9° 4′ 55″ N, 8° 40′ 31″ E

ECOWAS Court

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007/2023 - Democratic Republic of Congo v Republic of Rwanda

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Type of Document

Ruling

Keywords

Admissibility

Case Headnotes: DRC alleges human rights violations committed in connection with an armed conflict between it and a coalition that includes Rwanda and the M23 armed group. The Court determined that it has jurisdiction to hear the matter and declared the application admissible. The Court ordered the Respondent State to file its response on the merits.

Country

Democratic Republic of Congo
Rwanda

Country Geolocation: Democratic Republic of the Congo: 4° 2′ 18″ S, 21° 45′ 31″ E
Rwanda: 1° 56′ 25″ S, 29° 52′ 26″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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ECW/CCJ/JUD/02/25 - The Incorporated Trustees of Prince & Princess Charles Offokoja Foundation & Anor. v Nigeria

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Type of Document

Ruling

Keywords

Admissibility
Competence of the Court
Human Rights Violations
Parties to a Suit
Reasonable Period of Time
Right to be Heard before a Competent Court

Case Headnotes: ECOWAS Court has jurisdiction over human rights violations under Article 9(4) of its Protocol. Mere allegation of human rights violation is sufficient to confer jurisdiction. The Court is not an appellate body for national court decisions but can hear claims of human rights violations arising from domestic proceedings. Cause of action exists when facts disclose a legal right, even if not yet legally maintained. Admissibility requires claimants to have victim status, not be anonymous, and not have the matter pending in another international court. NGOs with legal personality can represent victims in human rights claims. Representative actions require proof of victim status of grantor; indirect victims must provide credible evidence of relationship. Application dismissed due to lack of locus standi; grantors of mandate were neither direct nor indirect victims. Parties bear their own costs.

Country

Nigeria

Outcome: Ruled Inadmissible

Year Decided: May 13, 2025

Country Geolocation: Nigeria: 9° 4′ 55″ N, 8° 40′ 31″ E

ECOWAS Court

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010/2011 - Efoua Mbozo’o Samuel v. The Pan African Parliament

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Type of Document

Decision

Keywords

Jurisdiction
Workers' Rights

Case Headnotes: Efoua Mbozo'o Samuel, domiciled in Yaoundé, Cameroon,brought before the Court, a case against the Pan African Parliament, alleging breach of paragraph 4 of hiscontract of employment and of Article 13 (a) and (b) of the OAU Staff Regulations, and improper refusal torenew his contract and to re-grade him

Country

AU/AU Organ

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

None Indicated

AfCHPR Decision

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01/08 - Michelot Yogogombaye v. Senegal (Separate Opinion - Fatsah Ouguergouz)

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Type of Document

Separate Opinion

Keywords

AfCHPR Procedure
Retro-activity of offence
Right to Information
Transitional Justice

Case Headnotes: Fatsah Ouguergouz is of the opinion that the Applicant indeed has the right to know why it has taken nearly one year between the date of receipt of his application at the Registry and the date on which the Court took its decision thereon. Senegal, on the other hand, has the right to know why the Court chose to make a solemn ruling on the application by means of a Judgment, rather than reject it de plano with a simple letter issued by the Registry. The two Parties also have the right to know the reasons for which their prayers in respect of the costs and expenses, respectively, of the case, have been rejected; the Applicant should also know why his prayer in this regard was addressed on the basis of Rule 30 of the Interim Rules of the Court (hereinafter referred toas the "Rules") on Legal Costs, whereas the Court could have equally, if not exclusively, treated this prayer on the basis of Rule 31 on Legal Assistance.

Country

Senegal

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

None Indicated

Country Geolocation: Senegal: 14° 29′ 51″ N, 14° 27′ 9″ W

AfCHPR Decision

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ECW/CCJ/JUD/26/19 Salifo Sawadogo v Burkina Faso

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Immunity / Privileges (Diplomatic, Presidential, Parliamentary, etc)
Insurrection
Military Tribunals
State Internal Security
Transitional Justice

Case Headnotes: Following the failure of the military coup d'état in Burkina Faso on 16th September 2015, judicial information was opened against all persons who participated as author, co-author or accomplice of the coup; Accordingly, there were apparent elements from the investigation of this process likely to determinate the criminal liability of the applicant, Mr SAWADOGO Salifou, then a Parliament Member in the National Assembly; In view of the gravity of the facts, the Military Court wanted the applicant's criminal liability to be invoked, as those of other persons persecuted for the same facts.

Country

Burkina Faso

Outcome: Ruled Inadmissible

Year Decided: Sep 26, 2019

Country Geolocation: Burkina Faso: 12° 14′ 18″ N, 1° 33′ 42″ W

ECOWAS Court

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ECW/CCJ/JUD/39/25 La Ligue Togolaise des Droits de l’Homme and Seven (07) Others v. Togo

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Freedom of Assembly
Freedom of Association
Freedom of Movement
Human Rights Violations
Militia operations / Armed conflicts
Right to Physical and Moral Integrity

Case Headnotes: Human rights claims require credible, concrete evidence, not mere assertions. States bear positive obligations to protect rights but liability depends on failure to fulfill these duties demonstrably. Freedom of movement, assembly, and security rights are fundamental but may be subject to lawful restrictions. Allegations of militia violence require evidence linking the militias to the State for State responsibility. The ECOWAS Court will not rule on claims lacking proof of rights violations.

Outcome: Decided on Merits

Year Decided: Jul 7, 2025

Country Geolocation: Togo: 8° 37′ 10″ N, 0° 49′ 29″ E

ECOWAS Court

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010/2019 - Idd Kiture v. United Republic of Tanzania

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Type of Document

Judgement

Case Headnotes: Idd Kiture, a Tanzanian national, was convicted of murder by the High Court of Tanzania and sentenced to the mandatory death penalty by hanging. His conviction and sentence were subsequently upheld by the Court of Appeal of Tanzania. He filed an application before the African Court alleging that Tanzania violated his rights under the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, challenging both the fairness of his criminal proceedings and the legality of the mandatory death sentence

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 4: Right to Life and Integrity
ACHPR 5: Cruel Inhuman and Degrading Treatment

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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046/2016 - APDF & IHRDA v. Mali

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Child Marriage
Domestic/National Laws
Harmful Traditional Practices
IHRDA
Right of Women to Inheritance
Women's Rights

Case Headnotes: In a bid to modernise its legislation by bringing it in line with the evolving international human rights law, the Government of Mali launched, in 1998, a vast operation to codify the rights of individuals and the family. This project, which was subject to broad popular consultation, received expert input prior to the drafting of Law No. 201 1-087 establishing the Persons and Family Code. However, the Applicants submit that the law as promulgated violates several provisions of international human rights instruments ratified by the Respondent State.

Country

Mali

Country Geolocation: Mali: 17° 34′ 14″ N, 3° 59′ 46″ W

AfCHPR Decision

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007/11 Youssef Ababou v. Morocco

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Type of Document

Decision

Keywords

Citizenship/Nationality and Related Rights
Jurisdiction

Case Headnotes: In his application, the Applicant alleges as follows: - the Kingdom of Morocco has refused, and continues to refuse, to issue him his documents, which include, a national identity card and a passport;- it has been many years since he started requesting his rights to these civil status documents from the Consulate General of the Kingdom of Morocco and the Ambassador of the Kingdom of Morocco in Algeria, “but the latter have systematically refused to respect [his] rights to these documents".

Country

Morocco

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

None Indicated

Country Geolocation: Morocco: 31° 47′ 30″ N, 7° 5′ 33″ W

AfCHPR Decision

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ECW/CCJ/JUD/17/25 - Lacerda Yoann v. Republic of Cabo Verde

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Admissibility
Damages and Compensation
Economic, Social and Cultural Development
Exhaustion of Local Remedies
Human Rights Violations
Jurisdiction
Right to Health

Case Headnotes: In Lacerda Yoann v. Republic of Cabo Verde (Application No. ECW/CCJ/APP/38/23; Judgment No. ECW/CCJ/JUD/17/25, 7 April 2025), the ECOWAS Court of Justice confirmed its jurisdiction and declared the application admissible. The Applicant, a Cabo Verde citizen, claimed that the State violated his right to health under Article 16 of the African Charter, Article 12 of the ICESCR, and Article 25 of the UDHR, by failing to provide access to necessary medicines for his hereditary immunodeficiency. The Court found that the Defendant State had authorized the import of the medicine and provided guidance on accessing it, but the Applicant failed to follow the prescribed procedures. Consequently, the Court held that the Defendant did not violate the Applicant’s right to health, dismissed all other claims as unfounded, and ordered that the parties bear their own costs.

Country

Cape Verde

Outcome: Decided on Merits

Year Decided: Apr 7, 2025

Country Geolocation: Cape Verde: 16° 32′ 20″ N, 23° 2′ 30″ W

ECOWAS Court

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005/11 Daniel Amare & Mulugeta Amare v. Mozambique & Mozambique Airlines

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Type of Document

Decision

Keywords

AfCHPR Manifest Lack of Jurisdiction
Jurisdiction

Case Headnotes: In their application, the Applicants allege as follows, namely that: - In or about November 2008, having procured the requisite passports, visas and air tickets, they set out to travel to Maputo, Mozambique via Nairobi, Kenya.- At Nairobi, they transited from the Ethiopian Airlines to a Mozambique Airline flight to Maputo.- However, the flight did not take them to Maputo but landed in Pemba, Mozambique, where they were stranded for a period of twenty six (26) days.4. The Applicants further allege that: - During that period, they were subjected by the Mozambique Immigration Officials to diverse hardships, including demands for bribes, which they resisted, confiscating of their passports and visas, robbery of $1000 from them, torture, and deportation to Dar-es-Salaam.

Country

Mozambique

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

None Indicated

Country Geolocation: Mozambique: 18° 39′ 57″ S, 35° 31′ 46″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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020/2015 – Livinus Daudi Manyuka v. Tanzania

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Type of Document

Ruling

Keywords

Arbitrary Arrest and Detention
Armed Robbery Allegations
Cruel and Degrading Treatment
Freedom of Movement
Reasonable Period of Time
Retro-activity of offence
Right to be Heard before a Competent Court
Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: It emerges from the Application that on 4 November 1999 the Applicant, and two other individuals, were charged with the offence of robbery with violence in the District Court at Mbinga, Ruvuma Region. On 15 May 2000, they were convicted and each sentenced to twenty (20) years imprisonment.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

None Indicated

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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004/2015 – Andrew Ambrose Cheusi v. Tanzania

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Armed Robbery Allegations
Cruel and Degrading Treatment
Reasonable Period of Time
Right to Dignity
Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: It emerges from the application that, on 6 June 2003, the applicant was arrested for having committed armed robbery of a pick-up vehicle at a place known as Sinza Madukani, in Dar es Salaam. He was prosecuted for the offense before the Kibaha District Magistrate Court. He was released on bail on 7 November 2003. While he was out on bail in this case, on September 2004, he was again arrested and charged in a second case before the same court, for conspiring to commit a felony and for the offence of robbery. It was alleged that he had stolen a saloon car at korogwe area in kibaha District.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 7.1.c: Right to Defence
ACHPR 7.1.d: Right to be tried within a reasonable time by an impartial Court

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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004/2015 – Andrew Ambrose Cheusi v. Tanzania (Separate Opinion By Judge Bensaoula Chafika)

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Type of Document

Separate Opinion

Keywords

Armed Robbery Allegations
Cruel and Degrading Treatment
Reasonable Period of Time
Right to Dignity
Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: It emerges from the application that, on 6 June 2003, the applicant was arrested for having committed armed robbery of a pick-up vehicle at a place known as Sinza Madukani, in Dar es Salaam. He was prosecuted for the offense before the Kibaha District Magistrate Court. He was released on bail on 7 November 2003. While he was out on bail in this case, on September 2004, he was again arrested and charged in a second case before the same court, for conspiring to commit a felony and for the offence of robbery. It was alleged that he had stolen a saloon car at korogwe area in kibaha District.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 7.1.c: Right to Defence
ACHPR 7.1.d: Right to be tried within a reasonable time by an impartial Court

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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028/2015 – Kalebi Elisamehe v. Tanzania

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Cruel and Degrading Treatment
Rape
Right to be Heard before a Competent Court
Right to Fair Trial
Sexual and Gender Based Violence
Sexual Offences

Case Headnotes: It emerges from the application that, on 6 March 2004, the applicant was convicted and sentenced by the District Magistrate’s Court of Monduli at monduli District to a thirty (30) year prison sentence for the rape of a twelve (12) year old minor. He was ordered to pay the victim one cow valued at Tanzania Shillings Two Hundred Thousand as compensation. The applicant appealed against the judgement.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 7.1.c: Right to Defence

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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030/2015 – Ramadhani Issa Malengo v. Tanzania

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Type of Document

Ruling

Keywords

Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: It emerges from the file that in 1996, the Applicant had an oral agreement with DIMON Ramadhani lssa Malengo (hereinafter referred to as the "Applicant") is a national of Tanzania and a tobacco farmer. He resides in Kigwa village, Tabora region and alleges that the Respondent State violated his rights by denying him justice in the National courts.

Country

Tanzania

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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025/2015 – Majid Goa alias Vedastus v. Tanzania

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Equality Before the Law
Freedom from Discrimination
Rape

Case Headnotes: It emerges from the file that on 20 December 2005, the District Court of Tarime, in Criminal case No. 418 of 2005 convicted the Applicant and sentenced him to thirty (30) years imprisonment following conviction for rape of a twelve (12) year old minor.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 7.1.c: Right to Defence

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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017/2015 – Kennedy Gihana & Ors v. Rwanda

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Type of Document

Order on Continuance of Proceedings

Keywords

Citizenship/Nationality and Related Rights
Freedom of Movement
Participation in Government
Personal Liberty
Right to Family
Right to Work

Case Headnotes: It emerges from the file that the Applicants learnt of the invalidation, by the Respondent State, of their passports and those of other Rwandan nationals when one of them was informed upon applying for a visa to travel to the United States of America, that his name appeared on a list of 14 May 2012, indicating the invalidity of the passports held by all persons included on the said list.

Country

Rwanda

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 12:2: Right to leave any country including his own, and to return to his country
ACHPR 13.1: Right to participate freely in government

Country Geolocation: Rwanda: 1° 56′ 25″ S, 29° 52′ 26″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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017/2015 – Kennedy Gihana & Ors v. Rwanda

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Citizenship/Nationality and Related Rights
Freedom of Movement
Participation in Government
Personal Liberty
Right to Family
Right to Work

Case Headnotes: It emerges from the file that the Applicants learnt of the invalidation, by the Respondent State, of their passports and those of other Rwandan nationals when one of them was informed upon applying for a visa to travel to the United States of America, that his name appeared on a list of 14 May 2012, indicating the invalidity of the passports held by all persons included on the said list.

Country

Rwanda

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 12:2: Right to leave any country including his own, and to return to his country
ACHPR 13.1: Right to participate freely in government

Country Geolocation: Rwanda: 1° 56′ 25″ S, 29° 52′ 26″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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016-2017 – Dexter Eddie Johnson v. Ghana (Dissenting Opinion of Judge Blaise Tchikaya)

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Type of Document

Dissenting Opinion

Keywords

Cruel and Degrading Treatment
Death Sentence
Murder/Assassination
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Life

Case Headnotes: It emerges, from the Application, that on 27 May 2OO4, an American National was killed near the village of Ningo in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. The Applicant was accused of committing this crime and brought to trial. He denied the offence. On 18 June 2008, the Fast Track High Court in Accra, convicted the Applicant of the murder and sentenced him to death.

Country

Ghana

Country Geolocation: Ghana: 7° 56′ 47″ N, 1° 1′ 23″ W

AfCHPR Decision

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016/2017 – Dexter Eddie Johnson v. Ghana (Partly dissenting opinion of Judges Gérard Niyungeko & Rafâa Ben Achour)

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Type of Document

Dissenting Opinion

Keywords

Cruel and Degrading Treatment
Death Sentence
Murder/Assassination
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Life

Case Headnotes: It emerges, from the Application, that on 27 May 2OO4, an American National was killed near the village of Ningo in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. The Applicant was accused of committing this crime and brought to trial. He denied the offence. On 18 June 2008, the Fast Track High Court in Accra, convicted the Applicant of the murder and sentenced him to death.

Country

Ghana

Country Geolocation: Ghana: 7° 56′ 47″ N, 1° 1′ 23″ W

AfCHPR Decision

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016/2017 – Dexter Eddie Johnson v. Ghana (Dissenting Opinion of Judge Rafaâ Ben Achour)

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Type of Document

Dissenting Opinion

Keywords

Cruel and Degrading Treatment
Death Sentence
Murder/Assassination
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Life

Case Headnotes: It emerges, from the Application, that on 27 May 2OO4, an American National was killed near the village of Ningo in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. The Applicant was accused of committing this crime and brought to trial. He denied the offence. On 18 June 2008, the Fast Track High Court in Accra, convicted the Applicant of the murder and sentenced him to death.

Country

Ghana

Country Geolocation: Ghana: 7° 56′ 47″ N, 1° 1′ 23″ W

AfCHPR Decision

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016/2017 – Dexter Eddie Johnson v. Ghana (Order for provisional maesures

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Type of Document

Order for Provisional Measures

Keywords

Cruel and Degrading Treatment
Death Sentence
Murder/Assassination
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Life

Case Headnotes: It emerges, from the Application, that on 27 May 2OO4, an American National was killed near the village of Ningo in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. The Applicant was accused of committing this crime and brought to trial. He denied the offence. On 18 June 2008, the Fast Track High Court in Accra, convicted the Applicant of the murder and sentenced him to death.

Country

Ghana

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

None Indicated

Country Geolocation: Ghana: 7° 56′ 47″ N, 1° 1′ 23″ W

AfCHPR Decision

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016/2017 – Dexter Eddie Johnson v. Ghana

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Type of Document

Ruling

Keywords

Cruel and Degrading Treatment
Death Sentence
Murder/Assassination
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Life

Case Headnotes: It emerges, from the Application, that on 27 May 2OO4, an American National was killed near the village of Ningo in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. The Applicant was accused of committing this crime and brought to trial. He denied the offence. On 18 June 2008, the Fast Track High Court in Accra, convicted the Applicant of the murder and sentenced him to death.

Country

Ghana

Country Geolocation: Ghana: 7° 56′ 47″ N, 1° 1′ 23″ W

AfCHPR Decision

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004/2017 - Mulindahabi Fidèle v. Rwanda (Separate Opinion of Judges Rafâa Ben Achour & Blaise Tchikaya

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Type of Document

Separate Opinion

Keywords

Dismissed Without Notice
Equality Before the Law
Right to be Heard before a Competent Court
Right to Work
Workers' Rights

Case Headnotes: It is apparent from the record, that, on 17 November 2009, following his success in a recruitment test, the applicant signed an employment contract for the position of Head of the Planning and Strategy Section at the State-owned Rwanda Electricity Corporation and Rwanda Water and Sanitation Corporation, which later became the Energy, Water and Sanitation Authority (EWSA). On 13 April 2010, the applicant was dismissed without notice.

Country

Rwanda

Country Geolocation: Rwanda: 1° 56′ 25″ S, 29° 52′ 26″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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004/2017 - Mulindahabi Fidèle v. Rwanda

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Dismissed Without Notice
Equality Before the Law
Right to be Heard before a Competent Court
Right to Work
Workers' Rights

Case Headnotes: It is apparent from the record, that, on 17 November 2009, following his success in a recruitment test, the applicant signed an employment contract for the position of Head of the Planning and Strategy Section at the State-owned Rwanda Electricity Corporation and Rwanda Water and Sanitation Corporation, which later became the Energy, Water and Sanitation Authority (EWSA). On 13 April 2010, the applicant was dismissed without notice.

Country

Rwanda

Country Geolocation: Rwanda: 1° 56′ 25″ S, 29° 52′ 26″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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MOSES ABIODUN V FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Admissibility
Arbitrary Arrest and Detention
Armed Robbery Allegations
Civil and Political Rights
Cruel and Degrading Treatment
Detention Facilities/Conditions
Freedom of Movement
Human Rights Violations
IHRDA
Jurisdiction
Personal Liberty
Police Brutality and Offences
Reasonable Period of Time
Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: Jurisdiction & Admissibility – The Court has jurisdiction under Article 9(4) of its Protocol; the Application was admissible. Arbitrary Detention – Applicant was detained from 2009 to 2025 without trial or formal charges, violating Articles 6 and 9 of the African Charter/ICCPR. Freedom of Movement – Prolonged detention violated Article 12 of the African Charter/ICCPR. Right to Fair Trial – Detention without trial for over 16 years breached Article 7(1)(d) of the African Charter. Cruel & Inhuman Treatment – Prolonged pretrial detention constituted inhuman and degrading treatment (Articles 5 and 7). Reparations – Court ordered immediate release and payment of 20 million naira in compensation; each party bears its own costs.

Country

Nigeria

Outcome: Decided on Merits

Year Decided: May 15, 2025

Country Geolocation: Nigeria: 9° 4′ 55″ N, 8° 40′ 31″ E

ECOWAS Court

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ECW/CCJ/JUD/35/25 Eliam Monsedjoueni Potey v. Republic of Côte d'Ivoire

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Damages and Compensation
Equality Before the Law
Freedom from Discrimination
Human Rights Violations
Right to Practice a Profession

Case Headnotes: Jurisdiction: The ECOWAS Court has jurisdiction over alleged human rights violations by Member States. Admissibility: The case was admissible as the applicant was identified and no parallel international proceedings existed. Equality Before the Law: Alleged discrimination must be proven with objective evidence; mere claims are insufficient. Discretionary Promotion: Executive discretion in judicial promotions does not automatically violate equality rights. Reparations: Compensation is only awarded if a rights violation is established.

Country

Côte d'Ivoire

Outcome: Case Dismissed

Year Decided: Jul 2, 2025

Country Geolocation: Côte d'Ivoire: 7° 32′ 24″ N, 5° 32′ 49″ W
Comoros: 11° 38′ 44″ S, 43° 19′ 60″ E

ECOWAS Court

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ECW/CCJ/JUD/38/25 KINSOUGBO AMELE v. TOGO

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Admissibility
Best Interest of the Child
Cruel and Degrading Treatment
Damages and Compensation
Due Diligence
Freedom from Discrimination
Human Rights Violations
Right to Life
Rights and Welfare of the Child

Case Headnotes: Law enforcement officials must use force only as a last resort, particularly in protests. The State has a positive duty to protect the right to life and physical integrity of individuals, including children. Violations of rights to physical integrity and protection from cruel treatment attract reparations. Disabled children are entitled to special care and rehabilitation, but applicants must show that assistance was requested and denied. Lack of evidence on State negligence or failure to provide care can result in dismissal of related claims.

Country

Togo

Country Geolocation: Togo: 8° 37′ 10″ N, 0° 49′ 29″ E

ECOWAS Court

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008/2015 – Shukrani Mango & Ors v. Tanzania

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Armed Robbery Allegations
Death Sentence
Freedom from Discrimination
Life imprisonment
Murder/Assassination
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Information
Right to Work

Case Headnotes: lt emerges from the Application that the First Applicant, Shukrani Masegenya Mango, was charged with the offence of armed robbery before the District Court at Mwanza. On 7 May 2004 he was convicted and sentenced to serve a term of thirty (30) years imprisonment. The Seventh Applicant, Samwel M Mtakibidya, was also charged with the offence of armed robbery before the District Court of Handeni, Tanga. Hewas convicted and sentenced to thirty years imprisonment on 5 August 2002.

Country

Tanzania

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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008/2015 – Shukrani Mango & Ors v. Tanzania (Separate Opinion of Justice Blaise Tchikaya)

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Type of Document

Separate Opinion

Keywords

Armed Robbery Allegations
Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: lt emerges from the Application that the First Applicant, Shukrani Masegenya Mango, was charged with the offence of armed robbery before the District Court at Mwanza. On 7 May 2004 he was convicted and sentenced to serve a term of thirty (30) years imprisonment. The Seventh Applicant, Samwel M Mtakibidya, was also charged with the offence of armed robbery before the District Court of Handeni, Tanga. Hewas convicted and sentenced to thirty years imprisonment on 5 August 2002.

Country

Tanzania

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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008/2015 – Shukrani Mango & Ors v. Tanzania (Dissenting Opinion of Justice Rafaâ Ben ACHOUR)

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Type of Document

Dissenting Opinion

Keywords

Armed Robbery Allegations
Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: lt emerges from the Application that the First Applicant, Shukrani Masegenya Mango, was charged with the offence of armed robbery before the District Court at Mwanza. On 7 May 2004 he was convicted and sentenced to serve a term of thirty (30) years imprisonment. The Seventh Applicant, Samwel M Mtakibidya, was also charged with the offence of armed robbery before the District Court of Handeni, Tanga. Hewas convicted and sentenced to thirty years imprisonment on 5 August 2002.

Country

Tanzania

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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053/2016 - Oscar Josiah v. Tanzania

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Equality Before the Law
Murder/Assassination
Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: lt emerges from the file that the Applicant, Oscar Josiah and his wife, were married in 201 1 and were living together at Chankila village in the North West of Tanzania. At the time of their marriage, the Applicant's wife was pregnant by another man but apparently, the Applicant did not have any problem with this situation. The couple stayed together until 2 July 2012 when the wife gave birth to a child. On the same day, it is alleged that the baby died of unnatural causes after having been abandoned in the bush. A subsequent post-mortem medical examination revealed that the cause of the death was Hypoglycemia (lack of sugar in the blood) and Hypothermia (lack of bodily warmth). The Applicant and his wife were later charged with the offence of murder, the High Court acquitted the wife but convicted the Applicant and sentenced him to death. The Applicant subsequently appealed to the Court of Appeal of Tanzania, but the Court dismissed his appeal for lack of merit, in its judgment delivered on 25 February 2016.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 3.1: Equality before the law
ACHPR 3.2: Equal protection of the law
ACHPR 7.1.c: Right to Defence

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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042/2019 - Masudi Said Selemani v. United Republic of Tanzania

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Death Sentence
Right to Dignity
Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: Masudi Said Selemani, a Tanzanian national, was convicted of murder by the High Court of Tanzania and sentenced to death by hanging. His conviction and sentence were upheld by the Court of Appeal of Tanzania. He subsequently filed an application before the African Court alleging that Tanzania violated several rights guaranteed under the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights during his criminal proceedings and through the imposition of the mandatory death penalty

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 4: Right to Life and Integrity
ACHPR 5: Cruel Inhuman and Degrading Treatment

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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040/2019 - Mathew Jeremiah Daud v. United Republic of Tanzania

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Death Sentence
Detention Facilities/Conditions
Right to Dignity
Right to Life

Case Headnotes: Mathew Jeremiah Daud was convicted of murder by the High Court of Tanzania and sentenced to the mandatory death penalty by hanging. His conviction and sentence were affirmed by the Court of Appeal of Tanzania. He subsequently filed an application before the African Court alleging that Tanzania had violated his rights under the African Charter through the conduct of his criminal proceedings and the imposition of a mandatory death sentence. Because his application raised substantially the same facts and legal issues as Applications Nos. 039/2019 and 041/2019, the Court consolidated the three cases and delivered a single judgment

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 4: Right to Life and Integrity
ACHPR 5: Cruel Inhuman and Degrading Treatment

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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025/2016 - Kenedy Ivan v. Tanzania

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: Mr. Kenedy lvan (hereinafter referred to as "the Applicant") is a national of Tanzania, currently serving a 30 years prison sentence at the Butimba Central Prison for the offence of armed robbery

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 7.1.c: Right to Defence

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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021/2015 – Kamdem Roger v. CIMA

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Type of Document

Ruling

Keywords

AfCHPR Manifest Lack of Jurisdiction
Workers' Rights

Case Headnotes: Mr. Roger Kamdem is a citizen of Cameroon, former Director of Insurance Company SAMRISSA (Automobile, Sickness, Fire and various Social Risks Insurance), Mr. Roger Kamdem is a citizen of Cameroon, former Director of Insurance Company SAMRISSA (Automobile, Sickness, Fire and various Social Risks Insurance), acting in its capacity as former Director and shareholder representing the majority of shareholders filed the Application against Member States of the Inter-African Conference on Insurance Markets (CIMA).

Country

Non-State Actor

AfCHPR Decision

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013/2015 – Robert John Penessis v. Tanzania

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Citizenship/Nationality and Related Rights
Cruel and Degrading Treatment
Freedom of Movement
Personal Liberty

Case Headnotes: On 8 January 2010, Mr. john Robert Penessis was arrested by the Tanzanian Immigration authorities. He was subsequently charged, convicted and sentenced on 17 January 2011 to a fine of eighty thousand (80,00) Tanzanian Shillings or in default, two (2) years in prison and ten (10) strokes of the cane by the kagera Resident Magistrate for illegal entry and irregular presence in the territory of the Respondent State.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 1: General Obligations
ACHPR 12: Right to Freedom of Movement
ACHPR 5: Cruel Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
ACHPR 6 : Right to Personal Liberty and Protection from Arbitrary Arrest

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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013/2015 – Robert John Penessis v. Tanzania (Separate Opinion By Judge Bensaoula Chafika)

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Type of Document

Separate Opinion

Keywords

Citizenship/Nationality and Related Rights
Cruel and Degrading Treatment
Freedom of Movement
Personal Liberty

Case Headnotes: On 8 January 2010, Mr. john Robert Penessis was arrested by the Tanzanian Immigration authorities. He was subsequently charged, convicted and sentenced on 17 January 2011 to a fine of eighty thousand (80,00) Tanzanian Shillings or in default, two (2) years in prison and ten (10) strokes of the cane by the kagera Resident Magistrate for illegal entry and irregular presence in the territory of the Respondent State.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 1: General Obligations
ACHPR 12: Right to Freedom of Movement
ACHPR 5: Cruel Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
ACHPR 6 : Right to Personal Liberty and Protection from Arbitrary Arrest

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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007/2015 – Ally Rajabu & Ors v. Tanzania (Separate Opinion by Judge Blaise Tchikaya)

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Type of Document

Separate Opinion

Keywords

Death Sentence
Murder/Assassination
Right to be Heard before a Competent Court
Right to Dignity
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Life

Case Headnotes: On 12 September 2006, the Applicants were arrested at Mruma Village, Mwanga District in Tanzania, for killing one Jamal Abdallah. On 24 June 2008, they were charged with murder at the High Court of Tanzania in Arusha. On 25 November 2011, the High Court, found the Applicants guilty and sentenced them to death. Dissatisfied with that decision, they appealed to the Court of Appeal of Tanzania. On 22 March 2013, their appeal was dismissed. On 24 March 2013, the Applicants then filed an application for review, which was still pending before the Court of Appeal when they filed the present Application on 26 March 2015.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 4: Right to Life and Integrity
ACHPR 5: Cruel Inhuman and Degrading Treatment

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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007/2015 – Ally Rajabu & Ors v. Tanzania (Separate Opinion by Judge Blaise Tchikaya)

Preview

Type of Document

Separate Opinion

Keywords

Death Sentence
Murder/Assassination
Right to be Heard before a Competent Court
Right to Dignity
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Life

Case Headnotes: On 12 September 2006, the Applicants were arrested at Mruma Village, Mwanga District in Tanzania, for killing one Jamal Abdallah. On 24 June 2008, they were charged with murder at the High Court of Tanzania in Arusha. On 25 November 2011, the High Court, found the Applicants guilty and sentenced them to death. Dissatisfied with that decision, they appealed to the Court of Appeal of Tanzania. On 22 March 2013, their appeal was dismissed. On 24 March 2013, the Applicants then filed an application for review, which was still pending before the Court of Appeal when they filed the present Application on 26 March 2015.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 4: Right to Life and Integrity
ACHPR 5: Cruel Inhuman and Degrading Treatment

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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007/2015 Ally Rajabu & Ors v. Tanzania (Order for Provisional Measures)

Preview

Type of Document

Order for Provisional Measures

Keywords

Death Sentence
Murder/Assassination
Right to be Heard before a Competent Court
Right to Dignity
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Life

Case Headnotes: On 12 September 2006, the Applicants were arrested at Mruma Village, Mwanga District in Tanzania, for killing one Jamal Abdallah. On 24 June 2008, they were charged with murder at the High Court of Tanzania in Arusha. On 25 November 2011, the High Court, found the Applicants guilty and sentenced them to death. Dissatisfied with that decision, they appealed to the Court of Appeal of Tanzania. On 22 March 2013, their appeal was dismissed. On 24 March 2013, the Applicants then filed an application for review, which was still pending before the Court of Appeal when they filed the present Application on 26 March 2015.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 4: Right to Life and Integrity
ACHPR 5: Cruel Inhuman and Degrading Treatment

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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007/2015 – Ally Rajabu & Ors v. Tanzania

Preview

Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Death Sentence
Murder/Assassination
Right to be Heard before a Competent Court
Right to Dignity
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Life

Case Headnotes: On 12 September 2006, the Applicants were arrested at Mruma Village, Mwanga District in Tanzania, for killing one Jamal Abdallah. On 24 June 2008, they were charged with murder at the High Court of Tanzania in Arusha. On 25 November 2011, the High Court, found the Applicants guilty and sentenced them to death. Dissatisfied with that decision, they appealed to the Court of Appeal of Tanzania. On 22 March 2013, their appeal was dismissed. On 24 March 2013, the Applicants then filed an application for review, which was still pending before the Court of Appeal when they filed the present Application on 26 March 2015.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 4: Right to Life and Integrity
ACHPR 5: Cruel Inhuman and Degrading Treatment

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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ECW/CCJ/RUL/03/26 - Orikri Rhahor v. Federal Republic of Nigeria

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Type of Document

Ruling

Keywords

Death Sentence
Right to Dignity
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Life

Case Headnotes: Orikri Rhahor, a Nigerian citizen sentenced to death by hanging by the Delta State High Court on 10 July 2024, brought an application before the ECOWAS Court alleging that his criminal trial violated his fundamental human rights. He argued that the trial court relied entirely on the prosecution's evidence without properly considering his defence, resulting in an unfair trial and continued detention under a death sentence. Nigeria challenged the Court's jurisdiction, arguing that the ECOWAS Court could not review decisions of national courts. The ECOWAS Court rejected this objection, holding that while it is not an appellate court over national courts, it has jurisdiction to examine allegations that judicial decisions have resulted in human rights violations. The Court therefore declared the application admissible

Country

Nigeria

Outcome: Ruled admissible

Country Geolocation: Nigeria: 9° 4′ 55″ N, 8° 40′ 31″ E

ECOWAS Court

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041/2019 - Paschal Ligoye Mashiku v. United Republic of Tanzania (Consolidated with Applications Nos. 039/2019 and 040/2019)

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Right to Dignity
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Life

Case Headnotes: Paschal Ligoye Mashiku was convicted of murder by the High Court of Tanzania and sentenced to the mandatory death penalty by hanging. His conviction and sentence were upheld by the Court of Appeal of Tanzania. He subsequently filed an application before the African Court alleging that Tanzania violated several rights guaranteed under the African Charter during his criminal proceedings and through the imposition of the mandatory death sentence. The Court consolidated his application with those of Chacha Jeremiah Murimi (Application No. 039/2019) and Mathew Jeremiah Daud (Application No. 040/2019) because they raised substantially similar legal issues concerning the mandatory death penalty.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 4: Right to Life and Integrity
ACHPR 5: Cruel Inhuman and Degrading Treatment

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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ECW/CCJ/JUD/23/25 -Kabirou Mbodje vs. the Republic of Senegal

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Administration of Justice
Damages and Compensation
Jurisdiction
res judicata
Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: Principle of Res Judicata (non bis in idem) and its application in criminal proceedings Right to a Fair Trial and Rights of Defence under international human rights law Legal implications of absence of the accused during trial and counsel’s role Claims for Damages and Compensation for alleged violations of legal rights Abuse of court process and vexatious litigation claims Jurisdiction of the ECOWAS Court of Justice in human rights matters

Country

Senegal

Outcome: Decided on Merits

Year Decided: Apr 12, 2025

Country Geolocation: Senegal: 14° 29′ 51″ N, 14° 27′ 9″ W

ECOWAS Court

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ECW/CCJ/JUD/14/26 - The Incorporated Trustees of the Socio-Economic Rights and Accountability Project (SERAP) v. Federal Republic of Nigeria

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Freedom of Expression / Digital Rights
Freedom of Opinion
Right to Information
Right to Information / Digital Rights
Right to Privacy

Case Headnotes: SERAP challenged Nigeria's 2024 amendment to the Cybercrime Act, arguing that the cyberstalking provision (Section 24) was vague and had been used to suppress freedom of expression, information and media freedom through the harassment and prosecution of journalists, activists and social media users. Although the ECOWAS Court found the application admissible, it held that SERAP had not produced sufficient evidence either that the amended legislation was inherently incompatible with international human rights standards or that Nigerian authorities had arbitrarily applied it in the manner alleged. Accordingly, the Court dismissed all substantive claims on the merits and ordered each party to bear its own costs.

Country

Nigeria

Outcome: Case Dismissed

Year Decided: May 15, 2026

Country Geolocation: Nigeria: 9° 4′ 55″ N, 8° 40′ 31″ E

ECOWAS Court

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038/2016 - Jean-Claude Roger Gombert v. Côte d’Ivoire

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Equality Before the Law
Right to be Heard before a Competent Court
Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: The Application has its origin in a contractual dispute between private partieswhich was brought before the Respondent state's courts. The Applicantmainly alleges the violation by the said courts, of his rights to a fair trial asguaranteed by the Charter.

Country

Côte d'Ivoire

Country Geolocation: Côte d'Ivoire: 7° 32′ 24″ N, 5° 32′ 49″ W

AfCHPR Decision

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038/2016 - Jean-Claude Roger Gombert v. Côte d’Ivoire (Joint separate opinion of Justice Ben KIOKO & Justice Angelo V. Matusse)

Preview

Type of Document

Joint Declaration of Judges
Separate Opinion

Keywords

Equality Before the Law
Right to be Heard before a Competent Court
Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: The Application has its origin in a contractual dispute between private partieswhich was brought before the Respondent state's courts. The Applicantmainly alleges the violation by the said courts, of his rights to a fair trial asguaranteed by the Charter.

Country

Côte d'Ivoire

Country Geolocation: Côte d'Ivoire: 7° 32′ 24″ N, 5° 32′ 49″ W

AfCHPR Decision

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ECW/CCJ/JUD/16/25 Dorothy Bebe V. Nigeria

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Admissibility
Freedom from Discrimination
Human Rights Violations
Jurisdiction
Maputo Protocol
Rape
Reparations / Remedies
Right to Health
Rights and Welfare of the Child
Safe Medical Abortion
Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights
Women's Rights

Case Headnotes: The Applicant (Dorothy Bebe), a Nigerian citizen, alleges violation of her rights due to rape by a private individual and subsequent denial of safe abortion facilities. Applicant suffered mental and physical trauma, stigma, and discrimination due to denial of abortion access. The Defendant (Nigeria) denies violation, argues criminal nature of matter, lack of state responsibility for private acts, and cultural justification for abortion laws. The Court rejected Defendant’s preliminary objection on jurisdiction due to procedural grounds. The Court emphasized its jurisdiction to hear human rights violations but not to examine national laws in the abstract.

Country

Nigeria

Outcome: Decided on Merits

Year Decided: Apr 4, 2025

Country Geolocation: Nigeria: 9° 4′ 55″ N, 8° 40′ 31″ E

ECOWAS Court

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007/2013 – Mohamed Abubakari v. Tanzania

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Arbitrary Arrest and Detention
Armed Robbery Allegations
Freedom from Discrimination
Right to be Heard before a Competent Court
Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: The Applicant alleged tha he was arrested by the police on 10 April 197 while he was in his home, and he was kept in police custody up to 14 April 1997.

Country

Tanzania

Rights Violated (ACHPR Provisions)

ACHPR 7: Right to Fair Trial

Country Geolocation: Tanzania: 6° 22′ 9″ S, 34° 53′ 20″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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ECW/CCJ/JUD/17/26 - High Chief Ambrose Albert Owuru v. Federal Republic of Nigeria

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Participation in Government
Right to Fair Trial

Case Headnotes: The Applicant alleged that the Nigerian Supreme Court and its officials manipulated court processes relating to his presidential election appeal, thereby denying him a fair hearing and preventing him from assuming office as the alleged winner of the 2023 presidential election. The ECOWAS Court held that the allegations were unsupported by credible and sufficient evidence and dismissed the application in its entirety.

Country

Nigeria

Outcome: Decided on Merits

Year Decided: May 15, 2026

Country Geolocation: Nigeria: 9° 4′ 55″ N, 8° 40′ 31″ E

ECOWAS Court

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ECW/CCJ/JUD/20/26 - Kamana Piyabalo v. Togolese Republic

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Arbitrary Arrest and Detention
Right to Fair Trial
Right to Work

Case Headnotes: The applicant alleges human rights violations stemming from: false accusations of weapon theft, arrest and maltreatment by national security agencies, extended preventive detention (16 months) without charge or court appearance, and failure to reinstate him to the army as promised.

Country

Togo

Outcome: Decided on Merits

Year Decided: May 18, 2026

Country Geolocation: Togo: 8° 37′ 10″ N, 0° 49′ 29″ E

ECOWAS Court

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006/2017 - Mulindahabi Fidèle v. Rwanda

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Type of Document

Judgement

Keywords

Right to Property

Case Headnotes: The Applicant alleges that before 2013, he worked in the urban passenger transport sector, and on 18 June 2013, he approached the Services Control Authority in Rwanda to request a transport license, but his request was turned down on the grounds that licenses are granted to companies and not to individuals.

Country

Rwanda

Country Geolocation: Rwanda: 1° 56′ 25″ S, 29° 52′ 26″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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006/2017 - Mulindahabi Fidèle v. Rwanda (Dissenting opinion by Judge Bensaoula Chafika)

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Type of Document

Dissenting Opinion

Keywords

Right to Property

Case Headnotes: The Applicant alleges that before 2013, he worked in the urban passenger transport sector, and on 18 June 2013, he approached the Services Control Authority in Rwanda to request a transport license, but his request was turned down on the grounds that licenses are granted to companies and not to individuals.

Country

Rwanda

Country Geolocation: Rwanda: 1° 56′ 25″ S, 29° 52′ 26″ E

AfCHPR Decision

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